Leviticus 6:19-7:14 “What Priests Must Do II”

Translation & Sermon by Nate Wilson for Christ The Redeemer Church, Manhattan, KS 01 May 2016

Introduction

·         Last week we began looking at the latter part of Leviticus chapter 6, which reviews the five different kinds of sacrifices[1] from the first five chapters, this time from the perspective of what the priest is supposed to do with the sacrifice instead of from the perspective of what the sinner in need of forgiveness is supposed to do.

·         I pointed out that, even though we don’t need the temple sacrifices anymore, it is still important for us to know what priests were supposed to do,

o        First because it helps us learn about what Jesus is doing for us now as our high priest and gives us more motivation to worship Him,

o        and Second because Jesus has given us priestly roles in His new economy, as the book of Revelation repeatedly states[2], so it teaches us what we should be doing

·         Last week, I covered three special roles of priests that apply to us today, namely:

o        Treat the altar as holy and wear special garments around it. I showed from Hebrews 13:10 and Revelation 19:8 that Jesus is our holy altar (where God touches man) and that it is our job as New Testament priests under Jesus the High Priest to exalt Him as holy through the “righteous acts” of trusting and obeying Him.

o        Second was the command to keep the altar fire burning, the fire which symbolized God Himself upon an earthly altar. We are now, in a sense, earthly altars in which the fire of God, the Holy Spirit, dwells today, and we are commanded in 1 Thessalonians 5:19, “Do not quench the Spirit.” We tend that fire in our own selves by using the “means of grace” which God has provided us: the reading of Scripture, prayer, singing worship music, Christian fellowship, and participation in baptism and the Lord’s Supper.

o        The third point last week was from 6:18 and is repeated in 6:27: “Everyone who comes into contact with” holy things “becomes holy.” While we are certainly to treat what is holy with respect, God’s holiness is more powerful than evil, so He is not threatened by profanity. As God’s priests, we must not allow ourselves become withdrawn into a holy huddle out of fear of being contaminated by the world; we can be confident in advancing against the gates of hell, knowing that the Gospel is more powerful, and the gates of hell will not be able to hold back the spread of Christianity.

·         Now, there are many more curiosities in Leviticus 6-7 which could be meditated upon, but frankly God’s word provides so little explanation for the meaning of so many of these things that it’s anybody’s guess how to apply them, and commentators come up with imaginative and contradictory applications. So, this week, instead of guessing at the meanings of obscure practices, I want to highlight three more basic priestly roles from the end of chapter 6 and the beginning of chapter 7 and show how they apply to us today. These three basic roles are:

o        Priests give their own offerings to God

o        Priests offer sacrifices for other people that they may be reconciled to God

o        and Priests eat holy food.

·         So let’s start with the first of these:

A) Give your own tithe and offerings to God (6:14-23)

6:14 Now this is the instruction concerning the grain offering: The sons of Aaron shall bring it before the face of Yahweh to the front of the altar, 15 then he shall scoop up from it his handful of fine flour of the grain offering and of its oil plus all the frankincense which is upon the grain offering, and he shall make its memorial portion go up in smoke on the altar – a soothing aroma to Yahweh... 19 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying, 20 “This is the offering of Aaron and his sons which they shall offer to Yahweh on the day he is to be anointed: A tenth of a bushel of fine flour. [There is to be] a continued grain offering from half of it in the morning and then [another] from half of it in the evening. 21 It shall be made with oil, stir-fried on a skillet. You shall bring it [as] baked pieces of a grain offering of crumbled pieces. You shall offer a soothing aroma to Yahweh. 22 The priest anointed in his stead from among his sons shall then prepare it. [It is to be] a lasting statute. [The] entirety shall be offered up in smoke to Yahweh. 23 So every grain-offering of a priest shall be entirely [committed]. It shall not be eaten.”

·         The priests were instructed, not only to take people’s sacrifices but also to give memorial portions (which were basically a form of tithing), and consecration offerings.

o       The priests would take a memorial portion out of the food donated to them and tithe it by burning a handful on the altar.

o       The high priest and his successors gave an additional offering introduced in 6:20.

o       The ancient Jewish historian Josephus wrote of these offerings in his Antiquities of the Jews “The [high priest also, of his own charges, offered a sacrifice, and that twice every day. It was made of flour mingled with oil, and gently baked by the fire; the quantity was one tenth deal of flour; he brought the half of it to the fire in the morning, and the other half at night.” (3.10.7, Tr. William Whiston)

o       This is apparently how they interpreted the adverbתָּמִיד  in v.20, which was translated “continuously” back in v.13. The priest’s offering was initiated in the morning with half of it and then continued to completion in the evening with the other half, so that the priest was not merely offering to God what other people gave for the morning and evening sacrifices, he was also offering from his own substance.

·         Giving tithes and offerings demonstrated that the priest is conscientiously under the authority of God he serves, and is therefore a servant of the people of God – a giver, not a taker.

·         But there are plenty of people throughout history who did not fear God but rather used religion to take advantage of others. I think of:

o       Eli’s sons, the priests Hophni and Phineas, who were gluttonous concerning the sacrifical meat in 1 Samuel 2:12-17,

o       and the priests later on in the Prophet Ezekiel’s day: “Woe to the shepherds of Israel who feed themselves! Should not the shepherds feed the flocks? You eat the fat and clothe yourselves with the wool; you slaughter the fatlings, but you do not feed the flock. The weak you have not strengthened, nor have you healed those who were sick, nor bound up the broken, nor brought back what was driven away, nor sought what was lost, but you have become cruel rulers over them.” (Ezekiel 34:2-4, NKJV)

o       And then there were the Pharisees of Jesus’ day who “devoured widow’s houses.” (Mat. 23:14)

o       That same greedy attitude can be found in some people today. I’ve gotten quite a few phone calls on the church line from panhandlers that apparently have nothing better to do than to spend all day calling churches and asking for money. You know how many of them are willing to actually attend one of our worship services? So far it’s been exactly zero percent. They see the church as a source of money, not as a community they can give to.

·         How about you? Do you view the church as an institution that exists to give you benefits, or do you approach church as a giver to serve God and His people?

·         We all have different resources to offer:

o       Some make more income than others, so a 10 percent gift to the Lord is naturally going to be bigger for some than for others, and that’s just life.

o       The same goes for talent: some can play three musical instruments – at the same time! – while others can keep track of three columns of accounting or juggle three active toddlers. We all can praise God to the best of our ability – but it should be to the best of our ability, because the quality of our worship shows how much we value our God.

o       Some are visionaries and teachers who are absolutely useless at getting anything done, but they sure make fellowship exciting and they sure make people hear the Gospel, and some are so administratively gifted and efficient in getting things done that you don’t even notice they’re there and you don’t realize how easy they have made everybody else’s lives by doing what they do, but we all have something to give.

·         Will you embrace your role as a priest under the authority of Jesus and be a giver who seeks to benefit God’s people with the resources He has given you?

·         The second basic role of a priest highlighted in this passage is that a priest will...

B) Offer sacrifices for other people to reconcile them to God (6:24-7:5)

6:24 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses saying, 25 “Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, ‘This is the instruction concerning the sin-offering: In the place where the whole-burnt-offering is slaughtered, the sin offering shall be slaughtered before the face of Yahweh. It is a holy thing among holy things. 26 The officiating priest of the sin-offering itself shall eat it... 30 But every sin-offering in which some of its blood is brought into the Tent of Meeting to make atonement in the holy place must not be eaten; it must be burned in the fire.

7:1 ‘And this is [the] instruction regarding the guilt-offering. It is a holy thing among holy things. 2 It is in the place where they slaughter the whole-burnt-offering that they shall slaughter the guilt-offering, and then he shall sprinkle its blood around upon the altar. 3 And he shall offer from it all its fat – the fat tail and the fat covering the innards – 4 and both kidneys and the fat which is upon them which is upon the flanks and the lobe above the liver – he shall put this aside with the kidneys. 5 Then the priest shall offer them up in smoke on the altar [as] a burnt-offering to Yahweh. It is a guilt-offering.

·         Leviticus 1:5 addresses the same sacrifice that Leviticus 7:2 does, but from the viewpoint of the worshipper, switching the plural and the singular verbs. The singular seems to indicate the main character in the narrative. In chapter 1, the main character is the worshipper, (“he” who “slaughters” the animal), while “they” (someone else, the priests) “sprinkle the blood on the altar.” Here in chapter 7, the priest is the main character, so it is “they” (the worshippers) who slaughter the animal, and then “he” (the main character, the priest) does his job of sprinkling the blood. 7:4 follows the same wording as the instruction regarding the peace offering in chapter 3 (v.10).

·         Now, how can we apply this to ourselves today? Sacrificing bulls and goats was one of the main things priests did back in the Old Testament, but we don’t do that anymore. Is there any parallel to us in our priestly role today?

·         First let me underscore that the basic role of making blood atonement to appease the wrath of God against sin is not something that we can do. That is what Jesus did on the cross, and there is nothing we can add to it. That’s why we don’t sacrifice animals anymore. Jesus’ death was enough to satisfy God’s justice which decreed the death penalty for our sins.

·         However, we can still enter into the priestly role as facilitators of reconciliation between men and God. Let me share three key passages from the New Testament which bring this principle out:

o        Hebrews 13:15-18 “Therefore by Him let us continually offer the sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of our lips, giving thanks to His name. But do not forget to do good and to share, for with such sacrifices God is well pleased. Obey those who rule over you... Pray for us...” (NKJV)

§         The New Testament book of Hebrews says that we can still offer sacrifices, and it describes our New Testament sacrifices as praising the Lord, doing good, sharing resources, obeying authority, and praying for missionaries. Are you offering those kind of sacrifices? As a priest in Christ, this is your job.

o        2 Corinthians 5:17-20 “Therefore if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creature; the old things passed away; behold, new things have come. Now all these things are from God, who reconciled us to Himself through Christ and gave us the ministry of reconciliation, namely, that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their trespasses against them, and He has committed to us the word of reconciliation. Therefore, we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making an appeal through us; we beg you on behalf of Christ, be reconciled to God.” (NKJV)

§         As a priest, you have a “ministry” (and you thought I was the only one in the ministry!) Your ministry is to use the Gospel, the “word” He has “committed” to you, and “beg” people to “be reconciled to God” by trusting in Jesus to save them. Jesus is focused on “reconciling the world to Himself,” and as His priest, you can join Him in that same ministry by appealing to men to be reconciled to God.

o        James 5:16-20 “Therefore, confess your sins to one another, and pray for one another so that you may be healed. The effective prayer of a righteous man can accomplish much. Elijah was a man with a nature like ours, and he prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the earth for three years and six months. Then he prayed again, and the sky poured rain and the earth produced its fruit. My brethren, if any among you strays from the truth and one turns him back, let him know that he who turns a sinner from the error of his way will save his soul from death and will cover a multitude of sins.” (NASB)

§         You see more of that ministry of reconciliation there in James, in terms of helping people recognize their sin and turn away from it and find salvation in Jesus.

§         James also highlights the priestly duty of prayer. This is what priests do; they talk to God on behalf of other people. Will you embrace your priestly role in Christ and pray for other people that they may be healed, that they may be saved, that even the weather would advance His kingdom purposes on this earth? “The prayer of a righteous person is very strong, having been made effective.”

·         So we’ve looked at a priest’s basic duty to make offerings to the Lord and to offer sacrifices for other people to reconcile them to God, now for the third duty: Priests are to...

C) Eat the Holy Food (6:26-29, 7:6-14)

6:26 The officiating priest of the sin-offering itself shall eat it. It shall be eaten in a holy place – in the courtyard of the Tent of Meeting. 27 Everyone who comes into contact with its flesh will be holy, including that which it sprinkles from its blood. Even the garment that it sprinkles upon must be washed in a holy place. 28 And a ceramic utensil in which it is boiled shall be shattered, and if it was boiled in a utensil of bronze, it shall be scoured and washed out with water. 29 Any male among the priests may eat it. It is a holy thing among holy things...

7:6 Any male among the priests may eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place. It is a holy thing among holy things. 7 As is the sin-offering, so is the guilt-offering; [the] instruction is the same for them: It shall belong to the priest who makes atonement with it. 8 And the hide of the whole-burnt-offering which he (the priest who offers the whole-burnt-offering of a man) shall offer is for the priest, it shall belong to him. 9 And every grain-offering which is baked in an oven, and everything prepared in a skillet or in a deep-fryer is for the priest – the one who offers it. It shall belong to him. 10 And every grain offering – mixed with oil or unconstituted – shall be for all the sons of Aaron. It shall be [that] man’s just as [much as] his brother’s.

·         This section of scripture lays great emphasis on the priests getting a portion of the meat and bread that was sacrificed and eating it!

·         The priest was to eat his holy food from these sacrifices without leavening and eat the food in a holy place. Leaven, as we have observed before, was a symbol for sin in the Old Testament. Perhaps there were additional practical reasons why God said they couldn’t eat any of that Panera sourdough bread in the temple, but they are lost to us today, however, the symbolic absence of sin is clear because of the corollary command to “eat it in a holy place.”

·         It is God’s will that you, as His priest, continue to life a holy life that is not permeated by sin but which embraces His righteousness as you enjoy all that He provides for you.

o       Ecclesiastes 5:18-19 “Here is what I have seen to be good and fitting: to eat, to drink and enjoy oneself in all one's labor in which he toils under the sun during the few years of his life which God has given him; for this is his reward. Furthermore, as for every man to whom God has given riches and wealth, He has also empowered him to eat from them and to receive his reward and rejoice in his labor; this is the gift of God.” (NASB)

·         I think that these meals the priests ate in the temple courtyard were basically their lunch (following the morning sacrifice and cleanup and chores) and then their supper (after the evening sacrifice offered at twilight). There was other food which God provided for them to take home to provide for their families when the priests went off duty.

o       There were special bronze pots, whose making was mentioned in Exodus 27, that sat in the temple area for the priests to boil their meat in for these on-the-job meals.

o       It seems that porcelain cookware was discouraged. Keil and Delitzsch’s classic commentary suggests that the porousness of clay pots would absorb fat from the meat which could never be completely washed away. Other earthen vessels defiled by unclean things were also destroyed (Lev. 11:33-35).

·         The significance of who gets the offering in v.7 is brought out in v.8 – the priest who makes the sacrifice gets to keep the animal’s skin.

o       The exception is in 4:11&21 when the offering is for the priest himself, then he has to burn the skin.

o       The skin may have more than mere economic value for clothing and shelter and writing media:

§         Skin is a physical covering which symbolizes the spiritual covering of blood in atonement. The one who arranges a covering (kipper) for sin gets to keep the covering of the animal sacrificed.

§         When the very first animal was sacrificed by God in the Garden of Eden to atone for Adam & Eve’s sins, who got the skin? Adam and Eve got the skin, and they used it to clothe themselves. (Newbery)

§         Would it be too much of a stretch to say that Jesus kept His skin by being resurrected after He offered Himself on the cross as a sacrifice for our sins?

·         In addition to the meat, the grain offerings in ch. 7 were also God’s provision of food for the priests.

o       The grain offerings were described back in chapter 2 in greater detail, because chapter 2 was for the worshippers who prepared them, now in chapter 7, these are instructions for the priests, and these instructions focus on the priests receiving the grain offerings.

o       The smaller portions of fresh-baked bread were for the officiating priest, but the raw grain and oil that was presented in v.10 was to be put in one of the storerooms of the temple and measured out equally to all the priests.

·         In 7:11ff – we have the thanksgiving peace offerings.
7:11 And now this is the instruction regarding the sacrifice of peace-offerings which he shall offer to Yahweh: 12 If he is offering it upon an [occasion of] thanksgiving, then he shall offer on [top of] the thanksgiving sacrifice: unleavened cakes mixed with oil and unleavened wafers spread with oil and cakes of stir-fried fine flour mixed with oil 13. On [top of] the cakes he shall offer leavened bread [for] his offering – on [top of] his sacrifice of thanksgiving peace-offerings. 14 And from it he shall offer [as] a contribution to Yahweh one of each offering to the priest who sprinkled the blood of the peace offerings. It shall belong to him.

o       Now peace offerings, you may remember from chapter 3, involved killing an animal, burning the fat on the altar, and eating the meat, but here in chapter 7, is a special case of fellowship offering called a “thanksgiving” offering.

o       As far as the priest was concerned, it meant that the parishioner brought along a bunch of bread to go with the sacrificial animal, so basically there would be buns for the barbeque meal afterward!

o       Actually this is one of the types fulfilled in the Lord’s Supper – a sacrifice with two basic elements: bread and a live animal (symbolized by blood).

o       This is the first mention of a thanks-offering, and we don’t see them again until hundreds of years later during the time of the kings of Israel[3].

o       They seemed to be special occasions of praising God for deliverance after He had brought you through a crisis. Jonah, for instance, promised to offer a thanks-offering if God would deliver him from the belly of the fish at the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea.

o       One of each of the different kinds of cooked grain offerings from chapter 3 is listed (which were all unleavened), and then on top of all that, (v.13) a loaf of leavened bread.

o       The priest who sacrifices the animal for the peace offering gets one loaf of each kind of bread that the worshipper brought with his sacrifice.

o       Maybe the priest ate it together with the worshipper and his family, or maybe he took it home to his own family. But once again, the focus is on eating!

·         As a member of Christ’s body, the church, you also have holy food to eat.

o       You have a right to share in the bread and cup of Holy Communion, as you seek to preserve its holiness by keeping your life free from sin.

o       But every day God provides you, His children and His priests, food and clothing and shelter. The Lord’s Supper is a microcosm of the larger picture of His desire for you to enjoy what He provides and walk in faith and obedience toward Him.

Conclusion

So will you take up your calling as a priest?

·         Will you adopt an attitude of being a giver of your resources to honor God and bless His people?

·         Will you pray for other people and share the Gospel that they may be reconciled to God?

·         Will you partake in the holy food of the Lord’s Supper, and live a holy life rejoicing in all the ways that your Heavenly Father provides for you?

 


Comparative translations of Leviticus 6:8-30

When a translation adds words not in the Hebrew text, but does not indicate it has done so by the use of italics (or greyed-out text), I put the added words in [square brackets]. When one version chooses a wording which is different from all the other translations, I underline it. When a version chooses a translation which, in my opinion, either departs too far from the root meaning of the Hebrew word or departs too far from the grammar form of the original Hebrew, I use strikeout. And when a version omits a word which is in the Hebrew text, I insert an X. (Sometimes I will place the X at the end of a word if the original word is plural but the English translation is singular.) I have also tried to use colors to help the reader see correlations between the various editions and versions when there are more than two different translations of a given word.

LXX

KJV

DRB (Vulgate)

ESV

NAW

WestminsterMT

6:1 Καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων

6:8 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

8 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:

8 X The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,

6:8 And Yahweh spoke to Moses saying,

 6:1וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר:

6:2 Ἔντειλαι Ααρων καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ λέγων Οὗτος [] νόμος τῆς ὁλο­καυ­τώ­σεως· αὐτὴ ὁλοκαύ­τωσις ἐπὶ τῆς καύσεως αὐτῆς ἐπὶ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου ὅλην τὴν νύκτα ἕως τὸ πρωί, καὶ τὸ πῦρ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καυθήσεται ἐπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, [οὐ σβεσθήσεται.]

6:9 Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This is [the] law of the burnt offering: It is the burnt offering, because of the burning upon the altar all night unto the morning, and the fire of the altar shall be burning in it.

9 Command Aaron and his sons X: This is [the] law of a holocaust. It X X X X shall be burnt upon the altar, all night until morning: X the fire shall be X of the same altar.

9 "Command Aaron and his sons, saying, This is [the] law of the burnt offering. X The burnt offering X shall be on the hearth on the altar all night until the morning, and the fire of the altar shall be kept burning on it.

6:9 “Command Aaron and his sons saying, ‘This is [the] instruction regarding the whole-burnt-offer­ing: The whole-burnt-offering itself [goes] on top of the burn-pile on the altar all night until the morning, and the altar’s fire shall be made to burn within it[1].

6:2 צַו אֶת-אַהֲרֹן וְאֶת-בָּנָיו לֵאמֹר זֹאת תּוֹרַת הָעֹלָה הִוא הָעֹלָה עַל מוֹקְדָה[2] עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ כָּל-הַלַּיְלָה עַד-הַבֹּקֶר וְאֵשׁ הַמִּזְבֵּחַ תּוּקַדHoI3fs בּוֹ:

6:3 καὶ ἐνδύσεται ἱερεὺς χιτῶνα λινοῦν καὶ περισκελὲς λινοῦν ἐνδύσεται περὶ τὸ σῶμα αὐτοῦ καὶ ἀφελεῖ τὴν κατακάρπωσιν, ἣν ἂν καταναλώσῃ τὸ πῦρ τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν, ἀπὸ τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου καὶ παραθήσει αὐτὸ ἐχόμενον τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου.

6:10 And the priest shall put on his linen garment, and his linen breeches shall he put upon his flesh, and take up the ashes which the fire hath consumed with the burnt offering on the altar, and he shall put them beside the altar.

10 The priest shall be vested with the tunick and the linen breeches X X; and he shall take up the ashes of that X X X X which the devouring fire hath burnt: and putting them beside the altar,

10 And the priest shall put on his linen garment and put his linen undergarment on his body, and he shall take up the ashes to which the fire has reduced the burnt offering on the altar and put them beside the altar.

6:10 And the priest shall wear his linen outfit[3] and wear linen underwear over his flesh and thus he shall scoop up the ash[4] from the whole-burnt-offering which the fire consumes upon the altar, and he shall put it beside the altar.

6:3 וְלָבַשׁ הַכֹּהֵן מִדּוֹ[5] בַד וּמִכְנְסֵי-בַד יִלְבַּשׁ עַל-בְּשָׂרוֹ וְהֵרִים אֶת-הַדֶּשֶׁן אֲשֶׁר תֹּאכַל הָאֵשׁ אֶת-הָעֹלָה עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וְשָׂמוֹ אֵצֶל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ:

6:4 καὶ ἐκδύσεται τὴν στολὴν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐνδύσεται στολὴν ἄλλην καὶ ἐξοίσει τὴν κατακάρπωσιν ἔξω τῆς παρεμβολῆς εἰς τόπον καθαρόν.

6:11 And he shall put off his garments, and put on other garments, and carry forth the ashes without the camp unto a clean place.

11 Shall put off his [former] vestments, and being clothed with other Xs, shall carry them forth without the camp, [and shall cause them to be consumed to] dust in a [very] clean place.

11 Then he shall take off his garments and put on other garments and carry the ashes outside the camp to a clean place.

6:11 Then he shall strip off his garments and wear backup garments and take out the ash to the outside of the camp, to a clean place[6]

6:4 וּפָשַׁט אֶת-בְּגָדָיו וְלָבַשׁ בְּגָדִים אֲחֵרִים וְהוֹצִיא אֶת-הַדֶּשֶׁן אֶל-מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה אֶל-מָקוֹם טָהוֹר:

6:5 καὶ πῦρ ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον καυθήσεται ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ καὶ οὐ σβεσθήσεται, καὶ καύσει ἱερεὺς ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ ξύλα τὸ πρωὶ X καὶ στοιβάσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τὴν ὁλοκαύτωσιν καὶ ἐπιθήσει ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ τὸ στέαρ τοῦ σωτηρίου·

6:12 And the fire upon the altar shall be burning in it; it shall not be put out: and the priest shall burn wood on it [every] morning, and lay the burnt offering in order upon it; and he shall burn thereon the fat of the peace offerings.

12 And the fire on the altar shall [always] burn X X X X X, and the priest shall feed it, [putting] wood on it [every] day in the morning: and laying on the holocaust, shall burn thereupon the fat of the peace offerings.

12 The fire on the altar shall be kept burning on it; it shall not go out. X The priest shall burn wood on it [every] morning, and he shall arrange the burnt offering on it and shall burn on it the fat of the peace offerings.

6:12 And the fire upon the altar must be caused to burn within it[7] [and] must not burn out, so the priest must burn wood over it morning by morning and must arrange the whole-burnt-offering over it and cause the fats of the peace-offerings to go up in smoke over it.

6:5 וְהָאֵשׁ עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ תּוּקַד-בּוֹ לֹא תִכְבֶּהQI3fs וּבִעֵר[8] עָלֶיהָ הַכֹּהֵן עֵצִים בַּבֹּקֶר בַּבֹּקֶר וְעָרַךְ עָלֶיהָ הָעֹלָה וְהִקְטִיר עָלֶיהָ חֶלְבֵי הַשְּׁלָמִים:

LXX

KJV

DRB (Vulgate)

ESV

WestminsterMT

 

6:6 [καὶ] πῦρ διὰ παντὸς καυθήσεται ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιασ­τήριον, οὐ σβεσθήσεται.

6:13 The fire shall ever be burning upon the altar; it shall never go out.

13 [This is the] perpetual X fire [which] shall never go out on the altar.

13 Fire shall be kept burning on the altar continually; it shall not go out.

6:13 Fire shall be made to burn upon the altar continuous­ly; it must not burn out.

6:6 אֵשׁ תָּמִיד תּוּקַד עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ לֹא תִכְבֶה: ס

6:7 Οὗτος νόμος τῆς θυσίας, ἣν προσάξουσιν αὐτὴν οἱ υἱοὶ Ααρων ἔναντι κυρίου ἀπέναντι τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου·

6:14 And this is the law of the meat offering: the sons of Aaron shall offer it before the LORD, before the altar.

14 This is the law of the [sacrifice and] libation[s], which the children of Aaron shall offer before the Lord, [and] before the altar.

14 "And this is the law of the grain offering. The sons of Aaron shall offer it before the LORD in front of the altar.

6:14 Now this is the in­struction concer­ning the grain offering: The sons of Aaron shall bring it before the face of Yahweh to the front of the altar,

6:7 וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת הַמִּנְחָה הַקְרֵב[9] אֹתָהּ בְּנֵי-אַהֲרֹן לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֶל-פְּנֵי הַמִּזְבֵּחַ:

6:8 καὶ ἀφελεῖ ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ τῇ δρακὶ ἀπὸ τῆς σεμιδάλεως τῆς θυσίας σὺν τῷ ἐλαίῳ αὐτῆς καὶ σὺν τῷ λιβάνῳ αὐτῆς τὰ ὄντα ἐπὶ τῆς θυσίας καὶ ἀνοίσει ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον [κάρπωμα]· ὀσμὴ εὐωδίας, τὸ μνημόσυνον αὐτῆς τῷ κυρίῳ.

6:15 And he shall take of it his handful, of the flour of the meat offering, and of the oil thereof, and all the frankincense which is upon the meat offering, and shall burn it upon the altar for a sweet savour, even the memorial of it, unto the LORD.

15 The priest shall take a handful of the flour that is [tempered] with oil, and all the frankincense that is put upon the flour: and he shall burn on the altar [for] a memorial of most sweet odour to the Lord.

15 And one shall take from it a handful of the fine flour of the grain offering and its oil and all the frankincense that is on the grain offering and burn this [as] its memorial portion on the altar, a pleasing aroma to the LORD.

6:15 then he shall scoop up from it his handful of fine flour of the grain offering and of its oil plus all the frankincense which is upon the grain offering, and he shall make its memorial portion go up in smoke on the altar – a soothing aroma to Yahweh.[10]

6:8 וְהֵרִים מִמֶּנּוּ[11] בְּקֻמְצוֹ מִסֹּלֶת הַמִּנְחָה וּמִשַּׁמְנָהּ וְאֵת כָּל-הַלְּבֹנָה אֲשֶׁר עַל-הַמִּנְחָה וְהִקְטִיר הַמִּזְבֵּחַ רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ אַזְכָּרָתָהּ לַיהוָה:

6:9 τὸ δὲ καταλειφθὲν ἀπ᾿ αὐτῆς ἔδεται Ααρων καὶ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ· ἄζυμα βρωθήσεται ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ, ἐν αὐλῇ τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἔδονται αὐτήν.

6:16 And the remainder thereof shall Aaron and his sons eat: [with] unleavened [bread] shall it be eaten in the holy place; in the court of the tabernacle of the congregation they shall eat it.

16 And the part [of the flour] that is left, Aaron and his sons shall eat, without leaven: and he shall eat it in [the] holy place of the court of the tabernacle X X X.

16 And the rest of it Aaron and his sons shall eat. It shall be eaten unleavened in a holy place. In the court of the tent of meeting they shall eat it.

6:16 Then Aaron and his sons shall eat what is left of it [12]. It shall be eaten unleavened in a holy place. In the courtyard of the tent of meeting is where they shall eat it.

 6:9וְהַנּוֹתֶרֶתNPtcFS מִמֶּנָּה יֹאכְלוּ[13] אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו מַצּוֹת תֵּאָכֵלNI3fs בְּמָקוֹם קָדֹשׁ בַּחֲצַר אֹהֶל-מוֹעֵד יֹאכְלוּהָ:

6:10 οὐ πεφθήσεται ἐζυμωμένη· μερίδα αὐτὴν ἔδωκα αὐτοῖς ἀπὸ τῶν καρπωμάτων [κυρίου]· ἅγια ἁγίων ὥσπερ τὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας καὶ ὥσπερ τὸ τῆς πλημμελείας.

6:17 It shall not be baken [with] leaven. I have given it unto them for their portion of my offerings made by fire; it is most holy, as is the sin offering, and as the trespass offering.

17 [And therefore] it shall not be X leavened, because part thereof is offered for the burnt sacrifice [of the Lord]. It shall be most holy, as [that which is offered for] sin and for trespass.

17 It shall not be baked [with] leaven. I have given it [as] their portion of my food offerings. It is a thing most holy, like the sin offering and X the guilt offering.

6:17 It shall not be baked leavened. I gave it to be their inheritance from my[14] fire-offerings. It is a holy thing among holy things, like the sin-offering is and like the guilt-offering is.

6:10 לֹא תֵאָפֶהNI3fs חָמֵץms חֶלְקָם נָתַתִּיQP1s אֹתָהּfs מֵאִשָּׁי קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הִואfs כַּחַטָּאת וְכָאָשָׁם:

6:11 πᾶν ἀρσενικὸν τῶν X ἱερέων ἔδονται αὐτήν· νόμιμον αἰώνιον εἰς τὰς γενεὰς ὑμῶν ἀπὸ τῶν καρπωμάτων κυρίου. πᾶς, ὃς ἐὰν ἅψηται αὐτῶν, ἁγιασθήσεται (passive).

6:18 All [the] male[s] among the children of Aaron shall eat of it. It shall be a statute for ever in your generations concerning the offerings of the LORD [made by] fire: every one that toucheth them shall be holy.

18 [The] males only of the race of Aaron shall eat it. It shall be an ordinance everlasting in your generations concerning the sacrifices of the Lord: Every one that toucheth them shall be sanctified.

18 Every male among the children of Aaron may eat of it, [as] decreed forever throughout your generations, from the LORD's food offerings. Whatever touches them shall become holy."

6:18 Every male of the sons of Aaron may eat of it. [This is] a lasting statute for y’all’s generations concerning the fire-offerings of Yahweh. Everyone who comes into contact with[15] them shall be holy.’”

6:11 כָּל-זָכָר בִּבְנֵי אַהֲרֹן יֹאכֲלֶנָּה חָק-עוֹלָם לְדֹרֹתֵיכֶם מֵאִשֵּׁי יְהוָה כֹּל אֲשֶׁר-יִגַּע בָּהֶם יִקְדָּשׁQI3ms: פ

LXX

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DRB (Vulgate)

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WestminsterMT

 

6:12 Καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων

19 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

19 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying:

19 X The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,

6:19 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses, saying,

6:12 וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר:

6:13 Τοῦτο τὸ δῶρον Ααρων καὶ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ, προσοίσουσιν κυρίῳ ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, ἂν χρίσῃς αὐτόν· τὸ δέκατον τοῦ οιφι σεμιδάλεως εἰς θυσίαν διὰ παντός, τὸX ἥμισυ αὐτῆς τὸ πρωὶ καὶ τὸX ἥμισυ αὐτῆς τὸ δειλινόν.

6:20 This is the offering of Aaron and of his sons, which they shall offer unto the LORD in the day when he is anointed; the tenth part of an ephah of fine flour for a meat offering perpetual, X half of it in the morning, and X half thereof at X night.

20 This is the oblation of Aaron, and of his sons, which they must offer to the Lord, in the day of their anointing. They shall offer the tenth part of an ephi of flour for a perpetual sacrifice, X half of it in the morning, and X half of it in the evening.

20 "This is the offering that Aaron and his sons shall offer to the LORD on the day when he is anointed: a tenth of an ephah of fine flour [as] a regular grain offering, X half of it in the morning and X half in the evening.

6:20 “This is the offering of Aaron and his sons which they shall offer to Yahweh on the day he is to be anointed: A tenth of a bushel of fine flour. [There is to be] a continued[16] grain offering from half of it in the morning and then [another] from half of it in the evening.

6:13 זֶה קָרְבַּן אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו אֲשֶׁר-יַקְרִיבוּ לַיהוָה בְּיוֹם הִמָּשַׁחNInf אֹתוֹ3ms עֲשִׂירִת הָאֵפָה סֹלֶת מִנְחָה תָּמִיד מַחֲצִיתָהּ בַּבֹּקֶר וּמַחֲצִיתָהּ בָּ[17]עָרֶב:

6:14 ἐπὶ τηγάνου ἐν ἐλαίῳ ποιηθήσεται, πεφυραμένην οἴσει αὐτήν, ἑλικτά, θυσίαν ἐκ κλασμάτων, X Xθυσίαν ὀσμὴν εὐωδίας κυρίῳ.

6:21 In a pan it shall be made with oil; and when it is baken, thou shalt bring it in: and the baken X pieces of the meat offering shalt thou offer for a sweet savour unto the LORD.

21 It shall be tempered with oil, and X shall X be fried in a fryingpan X X X X X X X X X X X X X.

21 It shall be made with oil on a griddle. You shall bring it well mixed, [in] baked X pieces like a grain offering, and offer [it] [for] a pleasing aroma to the LORD.

6:21 It shall be made with oil, stir-fried on a skillet[18]. You shall bring it [as] baked pieces of a grain offering of crumbled pieces. You shall offer a soothing aroma to Yahweh.

6:14 עַל-מַחֲבַת בַּשֶּׁמֶן תֵּעָשֶׂהNI3fs מֻרְבֶּכֶתHoPtcFS תְּבִיאֶנָּה HiI2ms תֻּפִינֵי מִנְחַת פִּתִּים תַּקְרִיבHiI2ms רֵיחַ-נִיחֹחַ לַיהוָה:

6:15 ἱερεὺς χριστὸς ἀντ᾿ αὐτοῦ ἐκ τῶν υἱῶν αὐτοῦ ποιήσει αὐτήν· νόμος αἰώνιος X X, ἅπαν ἐπιτελεσθήσεται.

6:22 And the priest of his sons that is anointed in his stead shall offer it: it is a statute for ever unto the LORD; it shall be wholly burnt.

22 And the priest that [rightfully] succeedeth X X his father, shall offer it [hot, for a most sweet odour] to the Lord: and it shall be wholly burnt [on the altar].

22 X The priest from among [Aaron's] sons, [who is] anointed to succeed him, shall offer it to the LORD [as] decreed forever. [The] whole [of it] shall be burned.

6:22 The priest anointed in his stead from among his sons shall then prepare it. [It is to be] a lasting statute. [The] entirety shall be offered up in smoke to Yahweh.

6:15 וְהַכֹּהֵן הַמָּשִׁיחַ תַּחְתָּיו מִבָּנָיו יַעֲשֶׂה אֹתָהּ חָק-עוֹלָם לַיהוָה כָּלִיל תָּקְטָרHoI3fs:

6:16 καὶ πᾶσα θυσία ἱερέως ὁλόκαυτος ἔσται [καὶ] οὐ βρωθήσεται.

6:23 For every meat offering [for the] priest shall be wholly [burnt]: it shall not be eaten.

23 For every sacrifice of [the] priest shall be consumed [with fire]: neither shall any man eat [thereof].

23 Every grain offering of a priest shall be wholly [burned]. It shall not be eaten."

6:23 So every grain-offering of a priest shall be entirely [committed]. It shall not be eaten.”

6:16 וְכָל-מִנְחַת כֹּהֵן כָּלִיל תִּהְיֶהQI3fs לֹא תֵאָכֵל: פ

6:17 Καὶ ἐλάλησεν κύριος πρὸς Μωυσῆν λέγων

24 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying,

24 And the Lord spoke to Moses. saying:

24 X The LORD spoke to Moses, saying,

6:24 Again Yahweh spoke to Moses saying,

6:17 וַיְדַבֵּר יְהוָה אֶל-מֹשֶׁה לֵּאמֹר:

6:18 Λάλησον Ααρων καὶ τοῖς υἱοῖς αὐτοῦ λέγων Οὗτος νόμος τῆς ἁμαρτίας· ἐν τόπῳ, οὗ σφάζουσιν τὸ ὁλοκαύ­τωμα, σφάξουσιν τὰ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας ἔναντι κυρίου· ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστίν.

6:25 Speak unto Aaron and to his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering: In the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed before the LORD: it is most holy.

25 Say to Aaron and X his sons: This is the law of the [victim for] sin. In the place where the holocaust is offered, X X [it] shall be immolated before the Lord. It is holy of holies.

25 "Speak to Aaron and X his sons, saying, This is the law of the sin offering. In the place where the burnt offering is killed shall the sin offering be killed before the LORD; it is most holy.

6:25 “Speak to Aaron and to his sons, saying, ‘This is the instruction concern­ing the sin-offering: In the place where the whole-burnt-offering is slaughtered, the sin offering shall be slaughtered before the face of Yahweh. It is a holy thing among holy things.

6:18 דַּבֵּר אֶל-אַהֲרֹן וְאֶל-בָּנָיו לֵאמֹר זֹאת תּוֹרַת הַחַטָּאת בִּמְקוֹם אֲשֶׁר תִּשָּׁחֵטNI3fs הָעֹלָה תִּשָּׁחֵט הַחַטָּאת לִפְנֵי יְהוָה קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הִוא:

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DRB (Vulgate)

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WestminsterMT

 

6:19 ἱερεὺς ἀναφέρων αὐτὴν ἔδεται αὐτήν· ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ βρωθήσεται, ἐν αὐλῇ τῆς σκηνῆς τοῦ μαρτυρίου.

6:26 The priest that offereth it for sin shall eat it: in [the] holy place shall it be eaten, in the court of the tabernacle of the congregation.

26 The priest that offereth it, shall eat it X X X in a holy place, in the court of the tabernacle.

26 The priest who offers it for sin shall eat it. In a holy place it shall be eaten, in the court of the tent of meeting.

6:26 The officiating priest of the sin-offering itself shall eat it. It shall be eaten in a holy place – in the courtyard of the Tent of Meeting.

6:19 הַכֹּהֵן הַמְחַטֵּאPiPtcMS אֹתָהּ יֹאכֲלֶנָּה בְּמָקוֹם קָדֹשׁ תֵּאָכֵל בַּחֲצַר אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד:

6:20 πᾶς ἁπτόμενος τῶν κρεῶν αὐτῆς ἁγιασθήσεται· καὶ ἐὰν ἐπιρραντισθῇ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτῆς ἐπὶ τὸ ἱμάτιον, ἐὰν ῥαντισθῇ ἐπ᾿ αὐτὸ πλυθήσεται ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ.

6:27 Whatsoever shall touch the flesh thereof shall be holy: and when there is sprinkled of the blood thereof upon any garment, thou shalt wash that whereon it was sprinkled in the holy place.

27 Whatsoever shall touch the flesh there­of, shall be sanctified. If a garment be sprinkled with the blood thereof, it shall be washed in a holy place.

27 Whatever touches its flesh shall be holy, and when any of its blood is splashed on a garment, you shall wash that on which it was splashed in a holy place.

6:27 Everyone who comes into contact with its flesh will be holy, including that which it sprinkles from its blood. Even the garment that it sprinkles upon must be washed in a holy place.

6:20 כֹּל אֲשֶׁר-יִגַּע בִּבְשָׂרָהּ יִקְדָּשׁ וַאֲשֶׁר יִזֶּהQI3ms מִדָּמָהּ עַל-הַבֶּגֶד אֲשֶׁר יִזֶּה עָלֶיהָ[19] תְּכַבֵּס[20] בְּמָקוֹם קָדֹשׁ:

6:21 καὶ σκεῦος ὀστράκινον, οὗ ἐὰν ἑψηθῇ ἐν αὐτῷ, συντριβήσεται· ἐὰν δὲ ἐν σκεύει χαλκῷ ἑψηθῇ, ἐκτρίψει αὐτὸ καὶ ἐκκλύσει ὕδατι.

6:28 But the earthen vessel wherein it is sodden shall be broken: and if it be sodden in a brasen pot, it shall be both scoured, and rinsed in water.

28 And the earthen vessel, wherein it was sodden, shall be broken: but if the vessel X X X be of brass, it shall be scoured, and washed with water.

28 And the earthenware vessel in which it is boiled shall be broken. But if it is boiled in a bronze vessel, that shall be scoured and rinsed in water.

6:28 And a ceramic utensil in which it is boiled[21] shall be shattered, and if it was boiled in a utensil of bronze, it shall be scoured and washed out with water.

6:21 וּכְלִי-חֶרֶשׂ אֲשֶׁר תְּבֻשַּׁלPuI3fs-בּוֹ יִשָּׁבֵר וְאִם-בִּכְלִי נְחֹשֶׁת בֻּשָּׁלָהPuP3fs וּמֹרַקPuP3ms וְשֻׁטַּףPuP3ms בַּמָּיִם:

6:22 πᾶς ἄρσην ἐν τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν φάγεται αὐτά· ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστὶν [κυρίου].

6:29 All [the] male[s] among the priests shall eat thereof: it is most holy.

29 Every male of the priestly [race] shall eat of [the flesh] thereof, [because] it is holy of holies.

29 Every male among the priests may eat of it; it is most holy.

6:29 Any male among the priests may eat it. It is a holy thing among holy things.

6:22 כָּל-זָכָר בַּכֹּהֲנִים יֹאכַל אֹתָהּ קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הִוא:

6:23 καὶ πάντα τὰ περὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, ὧν [ἐὰν] εἰσενεχθῇ ἀπὸ τοῦ αἵματος αὐτῶν εἰς τὴν σκηνὴν τοῦ μαρτυρίου ἐξιλάσασθαι ἐν τῷ ἁγίῳ, οὐ βρωθήσεται· ἐν πυρὶ κατακαυθήσεται.

6:30 And no sin offering, whereof any of the blood is brought into the tabernacle of the congregation to reconcile withal in the holy place, shall be eaten: it shall be burnt in the fire.

30 For X the victim that is slain for sin, the blood of which is carried into the tabernacle of the testimony to make atonement in the sanctuary, shall not be eaten, but shall be burnt with X fire.

30 But no sin offering shall be eaten from which any blood is brought into the tent of meeting to make atonement in the Holy Place; it shall be burned up with X fire.

6:30 But every sin-offering in which some of its blood is brought into the Tent of Meeting to make atonement in the holy place must not be eaten; it must be burned in the fire.

6:23 וְכָל-חַטָּאת אֲשֶׁר יוּבָא[22] מִדָּמָהּ אֶל-אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד לְכַפֵּר בַּקֹּדֶשׁ לֹא תֵאָכֵלNI3fs בָּאֵשׁ תִּשָּׂרֵףNI3fs: פ

 

Leviticus 7

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Lev 7:1 Καὶ οὗτος ὁ νόμος τοῦ κριοῦ τοῦ περὶ τῆς πλημμελείας· ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστίν.

1 Likewise this is the law of the trespass offering: it is most holy.

1 This also is the law of the sacrifice for a trespass: it is most holy.

1 "X This is the law of the guilt offering. It is most holy.

1 And this is [the] instruction regarding the guilt-offering. It is a holy thing among holy things.

1 וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת הָאָשָׁם קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הוּא:

Lev 7:2 ἐν τόπῳ, οὗ σφάζουσιν τὸ ὁλοκαύτωμα, σφάξουσιν τὸν κριὸν τῆς πλημμελείας [ἔναντι κυρίου], καὶ τὸ αἷμα προσχεεῖ ἐπὶ τὴν βάσιν τοῦ θυσιαστηρίου κύκλῳ.

2 In the place where they kill the burnt offering shall they kill the trespass offering: and the blood thereof shall he sprinkle round about upon the altar.

2 Therefore where the holocaust is immolated, the victim also for a trespass shall be slain: the blood thereof shall be poured round about the altar.

2 In the place where they kill the burnt offering they shall kill the guilt offering, and its blood shall be thrown against the sides of the altar.

2 It is in the place where they slaughter the whole-burnt-offering that they shall slaughter the guilt-offering, and then he[23] shall sprinkle its blood around upon the altar.

2 בִּמְקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִשְׁחֲטוּQI3mp אֶת-הָעֹלָה יִשְׁחֲטוּ אֶת-הָאָשָׁם וְאֶת-דָּמוֹ יִזְרֹקQI3ms עַל-הַמִּזְבֵּחַ סָבִיב:

Lev 7:3 καὶ πᾶν τὸ στέαρ αὐτοῦ προσοίσει ἀπ᾿ αὐτοῦ, καὶ τὴν ὀσφὺν καὶ πᾶν τὸ στέαρ τὸ κατακαλύπτον τὰ ἐνδόσθια [καὶ πᾶν τὸ στέαρ τὸ ἐπὶ τῶν ἐνδοσθίων]

3 And he shall offer of it all the fat thereof; the rump, and the fat that covereth the inwards,

3 They shall offer thereof X X the rump and the fat that covereth the entrails:

3 And all its fat shall be offered, the fat tail, the fat that covers the entrails,

3 And he shall offer from it all its fat – the fat tail and the fat covering the innards

3 וְאֵת כָּל-חֶלְבּוֹ יַקְרִיב HiI3ms מִמֶּנּוּ אֵת הָאַלְיָה וְאֶת-הַחֵלֶב הַמְכַסֶּה PiPTms אֶת-הַקֶּרֶב[24]:

Lev 7:4 καὶ τοὺς δύο νεφροὺς καὶ τὸ στέαρ τὸ ἐπ᾿ αὐτῶν τὸ ἐπὶ τῶν μηρίων καὶ τὸν λοβὸν τὸν ἐπὶ τοῦ ἥπατος (σὺν τοῖς νεφροῖς περιελεῖ αὐτά), X X

4 And the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the flanks, and the caul that is above the liver, with the kidneys, it shall he take away:

4 X The two little kidneys, and the fat which is X X X by the flanks, and the caul of the liver with the little kidneys X X.

4 X the two kidneys with the fat that is on them X at the loins, and the long lobe of the liver that he shall remove with the kidneys.

4 and both kidneys and the fat which is upon them which is upon the flanks and the lobe above the liver he shall put this aside with the kidneys[25].

4 וְאֵת שְׁתֵּי הַכְּלָיֹת וְאֶת-הַחֵלֶב אֲשֶׁר עֲלֵיהֶן אֲשֶׁר עַל-הַכְּסָלִים וְאֶת-הַיֹּתֶרֶת עַל-הַכָּבֵד עַל-הַכְּלָיֹת [26]יְסִירֶנָּהHiI3ms+3fs:

Lev 7:5 καὶ ἀνοίσει αὐτὰ ὁ ἱερεὺς ἐπὶ τὸ θυσιαστήριον κάρπωμα τῷ κυρίῳ· [περὶ] πλημμελείας ἐστίν.

5 And the priest shall burn them upon the altar for an offering made by fire unto the LORD: it is a trespass offering.

5 And the priest shall burn them upon the altar: it is the burnt sacrifice of the Lord X [for] a trespass.

5 X The priest shall burn them on the altar as a food offering to the LORD; it is a guilt offering.

5 Then the priest shall offer them up in smoke on the altar [as] a burnt-offering to Yahweh. It is a guilt-offering.

5 וְהִקְטִיר אֹתָם הַכֹּהֵן הַמִּזְבֵּחָה אִשֶּׁה לַיהוָה אָשָׁם הוּא:

Lev 7:6 πᾶς ἄρσην ἐκ τῶν ἱερέων ἔδεται αὐτά, ἐν τόπῳ ἁγίῳ ἔδονται αὐτά· ἅγια ἁγίων ἐστίν.

6 Every male among the priests shall eat thereof: it shall be eaten in [the] holy place: it is most holy.

6 Every male of the priestly race, shall eat this flesh in a holy place, because it is most holy.

6 Every male among the priests may eat of it. It shall be eaten in a holy place. It is most holy.

6 Any male among the priests may eat it. It is to be eaten in a holy place. It is a holy thing among holy things.

6 כָּל-זָכָר בַּכֹּהֲנִים יֹאכְלֶנּוּQI3ms+3ms בְּמָקוֹם קָדוֹשׁ יֵאָכֵלNI3ms קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים הוּא:

Lev 7:7 ὥσπερ τὸ [περὶ] τῆς ἁμαρτίας, οὕτω καὶ [τὸ] τῆς πλημμελείας, νόμος εἷς αὐτῶν· ὁ ἱερεύς, ὅστις ἐξιλάσεται ἐν αὐτῷ, αὐτῷ ἔσται.

7 As the sin offering is, so is the trespass offering: there is one law for them: the priest that maketh atonement therewith shall have XX it.

7 As the sacrifice for sin is [offered], so is [also that for] a trespass: the same shall be the law of both [these sacrifices]. It shall belong to the priest that offereth it.

7 The guilt offering is just like the sin offering; there is one law for them. The priest who makes atonement with it shall have X it.

7 As is the sin-offering, so is the guilt-offering; [the] instruction is the same for them: It shall belong to the priest who makes atonement with it.

7 כַּחַטָּאת כָּאָשָׁם תּוֹרָה אַחַת לָהֶם הַכֹּהֵן אֲשֶׁר יְכַפֶּרPiI3ms-בּוֹ לוֹ יִהְיֶה:

LXX

KJV

DRB (Vulgate)

ESV

NAW

WestminsterMT

Lev 7:8 καὶ ὁ ἱερεὺς ὁ προσάγων ὁλοκαύτωμα ἀνθρώπου, τὸ δέρμα τῆς ὁλοκαυτώσεως, ἧς αὐτὸς προσφέρει X X, αὐτῷ ἔσται.

8 And the priest that offereth [any] man's burnt offering, even the priest shall have to himself the skin of the burnt offering which he hath offered.

8 X The priest that offereth the victim of holocaust, shall have the skin thereof.

8 And the priest who offers [any] man's burnt offering shall have for himself the skin of the burnt offering that he has offered X X X.

8 And the hide of the whole-burnt-offering which he (the priest who offers the whole-burnt-offering of a man) shall offer is for the priest, it shall belong to him.

8 וְהַכֹּהֵן הַמַּקְרִיבHiPTms אֶת-עֹלַת אִישׁ עוֹר הָעֹלָה אֲשֶׁר הִקְרִיב[27] לַכֹּהֵן לוֹ יִהְיֶה:

Lev 7:9 καὶ πᾶσα θυσία, ἥτις ποιηθήσεται ἐν τῷ κλιβάνῳ, καὶ πᾶσα, [ἥτις] ποιηθήσεται ἐπ᾿ ἐσχάρας ἢ ἐπὶ τηγάνου, τοῦ ἱερέως τοῦ προσφέροντος αὐτήν, αὐτῷ ἔσται.

9 And all the meat offering that is baken in the oven, and all that is dressed in the fryingpan, and in the pan, shall be the priest's that offereth it. X X

9 And every sacri­fice of flour that is baked in the oven, and whatsoever is dressed on the gridiron, or in the fryingpan, shall be the priest's that offereth it. X X

9 And every grain offering X baked in the oven and all [that is] prepared on a pan or X a griddle shall belong to the priest who offers it X X.

9 And every grain-offering which is baked in an oven, and everything prepared in a skillet or in a deep-fryer is for the priest – the one who offers it. It shall belong to him.

9 וְכָל-מִנְחָה אֲשֶׁר תֵּאָפֶה NiI3fs בַּתַּנּוּר וְכָל-נַעֲשָׂה NP3ms בַמַּרְחֶשֶׁת וְעַל-[28]מַחֲבַת לַכֹּהֵן הַמַּקְרִיב HiPTms אֹתָהּ לוֹ תִהְיֶהQI3fs:

Lev 7:10 καὶ πᾶσα θυσίαX? ἀναπεποιημένη ἐν ἐλαίῳ καὶ μὴ ἀναπεποιημένη πᾶσι τοῖς υἱοῖς Ααρων ἔσται, ἑκάστῳ τὸ ἴσον.

10 And every meat offering, mingled with oil, and dry, shall all the sons of Aaron have, X X one as much as another.

10 X X X Whether they be tempered with oil, or dry, X X all the sons of Aaron shall have one as much as another.

10 And every grain offering, mixed with oil or dry, shall be shared equally X X X among all the sons of Aaron.

10 And every grain offering mixed with oil or unconstituted shall be for all the sons of Aaron. It shall be [that] man’s just as [much as] his brother’s.

10 וְכָל-מִנְחָה בְלוּלָהQPsvPTfs-בַשֶּׁמֶן וַחֲרֵבָה לְכָל-בְּנֵי אַהֲרֹן תִּהְיֶה אִישׁ כְּאָחִיו: פ

Lev 7:11 Οὗτος ὁ νόμος θυσίας σωτηρίου, ἣν προσοίσουσιν κυρίῳ.

11 And this is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings, which he shall offer unto the LORD.

11 This is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings that is offered to the Lord.

11 "And this is the law of the sacrifice of peace offerings that one may offer to the LORD.

11 And now this is the instruction regarding the sacrifice of peace-offerings which he shall offer to Yahweh:

11 [29]וְזֹאת תּוֹרַת זֶבַח הַשְּׁלָמִים אֲשֶׁר יַקְרִיב לַיהוָה:

Lev 7:12 ἐὰν μὲν περὶ αἰνέσεως προσφέρῃ αὐτήν, καὶ προσοίσει ἐπὶ τῆς θυσίας τῆς αἰνέσεως ἄρτους ἐκ σεμιδάλεως ἀναπεποιημένους ἐν ἐλαίῳ, λάγανα ἄζυμα διακεχρισμένα ἐν ἐλαίῳ καὶ σεμίδαλιν πεφυραμένην ἐν ἐλαίῳ·X X

12 If he offer it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the sacrifice of thanksgiving unleavened cakes mingled with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and cakes mingled with oil, of fine flour, fried.

12 If the oblation be for thanksgiving, they shall offer X X X loaves without leaven tempered with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil, and fine flour fried, [and] cakes [tempered and] mingled with oil.

12 If he offers it for a thanksgiving, then he shall offer with the thanksgiving sacrifice unleavened loaves mixed with oil, X unleavened wafers smeared with oil, and loaves of fine flour well mixed with oil.

12 If he is offering it upon an [occasion of] thanksgiving, then he shall offer on [top of] the thanksgiving sacrifice unleavened cakes mixed with oil and unleavened wafers spread with oil and cakes of stir-fried fine flour mixed with oil

12 אִם עַל-תּוֹדָה יַקְרִיבֶנּוּ וְהִקְרִיב עַל-זֶבַח הַתּוֹדָה חַלּוֹת מַצּוֹת בְּלוּלֹתQPsvPTfp בַּשֶּׁמֶן וּרְקִיקֵי מַצּוֹת מְשֻׁחִים QPsvPTmp בַּשָּׁמֶן וְסֹלֶת מֻרְבֶּכֶתHoPTfs חַלֹּת בְּלוּלֹת בַּשָּׁמֶן:

Lev 7:13 ἐπ᾿X ἄρτοις ζυμίταις προσοίσει τὰ δῶρα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ θυσίᾳ αἰνέσεως σωτηρίου.

13 Besides the cakes, he shall offer for his offering leavened bread with the sacrifice of thanksgiving of his peace offerings.

13 Moreover loaves of leavened bread with the sacrifice of thanks, which is offered for X peace offerings:

13 With the sacrifice of his peace offerings for thanksgiving he shall bring his offering with loaves of leavened bread.

13. On [top of] the cakes he shall offer leavened bread [for] his offering - on [top of] his sacrifice of thanksgiving peace-offerings.

13 עַל-חַלֹּת לֶחֶם חָמֵץ יַקְרִיב קָרְבָּנוֹ עַל-זֶבַח תּוֹדַת שְׁלָמָיו:

Lev 7:14 καὶ προσάξει X X ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων τῶν δώρων αὐτοῦ ἀφαίρεμα κυρίῳ· τῷ ἱερεῖ τῷ προσχέοντι τὸ αἷμα τοῦ σωτηρίου, αὐτῷ ἔσται.

14 And of it he shall offer one out of the whole obla­tion for an heave offering unto the LORD, and it shall be the priest's that sprinkleth the blood of the peace offerings X X.

14 X Of which one X X X shall be offered to the Lord for first­fruits, [and] shall be the priest's that shall pour out the blood of the victim X X.

14 And from it he shall offer one [loaf] from each offering, as a gift to the LORD. It shall belong to the priest who throws the blood of the peace offerings X X.

14 And from it he shall offer [as] a contribution to Yahweh one of each offering to the priest who sprinkled the blood of the peace offerings. It shall belong to him.

14 וְהִקְרִיב מִמֶּנּוּ אֶחָד מִכָּל-קָרְבָּן תְּרוּמָה[30] לַיהוָה לַכֹּהֵן הַזֹּרֵקQPTms אֶת-דַּם הַשְּׁלָמִים לוֹ יִהְיֶה:

 



[1] 1) the whole-burnt-offering (6:8-13), 2) the grain offering (6:14-18), including a special type of grain offering used at the ordination of priests (6:19-23), 3) the sin-offering (6:24-30), 4) the guilt-offering (7:1-7), and 5) a special kind of peace-offering called the todah or thanks-offering (7:11-14).

[2] Rev. 1:6 To Him who loved us and washed us from our sins in His own blood, and has made us kings and priests to His God and Father, to Him be glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen.

Rev. 5:9-10 “You were slain, And have redeemed us to God by Your blood Out of every tribe and tongue and people and nation, And have made us kings and priests to our God; And we shall reign on the earth."

Rev. 20:6b “...they shall be priests of God and of Christ, and shall reign with Him a thousand years.

[3] 2 Chronicles 29:31; 33:16; Psalms 50:14,23; 56:12; 69:30; 95:2; 100:4; 107:22; 116:17; 147:7; Isaiah 51:3; Jeremiah 17:26; 30:19; 33:11; Amos 4:5; Jonah 2:9



[1] “It” is masculine in Heb, indicating the altar.

[2] Noun only here and Isa 33:14, where it is rendered in the masculine plural “everlasting burnings.” From the same root as the verb at the end of the verse for “burn.”

[3] This word mid only occurs 10 other places in the O.T., mostly as the outfit of a soldier (Judges 3:16; 1 Samuel 4:12; 17:38,39; 18:4; 2 Samuel 20:8; Psalm 109:18), but once here as the uniform of a priest, and once in Judges 5:10 as the uniform of a judge. The word’s root meaning is “to measure” so “outfit” or “uniform” seems appropriate. The following noun comes from a root meaning “to hide” and basically refers to underwear worn under the robe so that there was no exposure of private parts. This was instituted in Exodus 28:42-43.

[4] Mentioned in 1:16 and 4:12

[5] Samaritan Pentateuch & Targums end this word with a yod instead of vav, which would translate plural “linen garments” instead of possessive “his linen garment.” No big deal.

[6] cf. 4:12

[7] Cf. 1:7-8. The masculine “it” refers to the masculine “altar,” whereas the verbs (“be caused to burn” and “not burn out”) are feminine, referring to the feminine subject “fire.” The word for “extinguish/put out/burn out” only occurs 23 other times (all outside the Pentateuch) and is the word used in Isaiah 66:24 to describe hell. The gender of the word “it” then changes to feminine for the rest of the verse, indicating that it is the “altar fire” over which the wood, sacrifice, and fat are to be placed so as to be burned by that fire. It all emphasizes the specialness (holiness) of this particular place, the altar, and the symbolic importance of its fire.

[8] The Cairo Geniza manuscript substitutes ntn “give/put,” instead of “burn,” thus the reading of the Vulgate and the NIV. The Septuagint and Samaritan match the Masoretic, so I think it is a mistake to follow the Cairo manuscript here.

[9] Beal and also Davidson labeled this verb as Hiphil Infinitive, which would be singular. The Samaritan Pentateuch, Septuagint, and Vulgate, as well as Targums appear to spell this verb as a perfect or imperfect plural, which would read more naturally.

[10] cf. Lev. 2:2

[11] The Cairo and the Samaritan manuscripts appear to replace this masculine ending with a feminine ending, matching the feminine gender of the grain offering. The LXX is masculine, though.

[12] cf. Lev. 2:3, Isa. 1:12

[13] Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint make this verb singular, but the plural seems appropriate for the compound subject “Aaron and his sons.”

[14] The Septuagint and the Samaritan Pentateuch render “of the LORD/YHWH” instead of “my.” This is the same person, however, since it is the Lord speaking to Moses.

[15]The Hebrew is somewhat ambiguous as to whether it means that you have to be holy before you can touch these holy things or whether it means that whatever touches them automatically becomes holy along with them. Although the former is what is said to be the rule in this chapter (it can only be descendents of Aaron), I think that the Hebrew grammar also indicates the latter, and it is in the latter sense that our modern English versions translate this phrase. This is the converse of Leviticus 5:2-3.

[16] תָּמִיד  is the same adverb translated “continuously” in v.13. One interpretation of this would be that this is an offering initiated in the morning and continued to completion in the evening. Another interpretation has to do with the mention of Aaron’s sons and the implication that this offering was to be part of every priest’s ordination ceremony, and thus it was to be a regularly-recurring thing. The word for “half” is only found 15 other places in the OT, none of which speak of these offerings, although perhaps a tenuous connection could be drawn to its use in Neh. 8:3 where Nehemiah apparently divided the day in halves for his public reading of the Bible. Whatever the case, the morning and evening sacrifices were a standard daily procedure for the priests in the tabernacle.

[17] Samaritan Pentateuch renders bayin “between” – a more idiomatic and popular phrase meaning the same thing.

[18] cf. Lev. 2:5-6 The only significantly-different words are 1) a synonym for “mixed” (a rare word translated “baked/fried” by KJV and Strong, and “mixed/stirred” by BDB, TWOT, Holladay, and all the modern English versions), and 2) the word for “baked pieces” is added, occurring nowhere else in the O.T.

[19] Samaritan Pentateuch makes the object masculine instead of feminine making “it” the garment, not the sacrifice.

[20] The Samaritan Pentateuch, Syriac, Septuagint, Vulgate, and Jonathan Targums all render this as a 3rd person passive (“it shall be washed”) rather than 2nd person Piel (“you shall wash”), which calls into question the Masoretic text.

[21] On boiling meat in the temple, see Ex. 29:29-34, Lev. 8:31, 2 Sam. 2:13-15, Ezek. 46:20-24, Zech. 14:21. On the making of the temple’s bronze pots, see Ex. 27:3 & 38:30. The verb translated “scoured” only occurs three more times in scripture: 2 Chronicles 4:16; Proverbs 20:30; and Jeremiah 46:4.

[22] This spelling is Hophal Imperfect (passive “it is brought”), and the LXX agrees with this. The Samaritan Pentateuch renders it Hiphil (active “he brings”). This doesn’t change the meaning really.

[23] 1:5 addresses the same action from the viewpoint of the worshipper, switching the plural and the singular verbs. The singular seems to indicate the main character in the narrative. In chapter 1, the main character is the worshipper, (“he” who “slaughters” the animal), while “they” (someone else, the priests) “sprinkle the blood on the altar.” Here in chapter 7, the priest is the main character, so it is “they” (the worshippers) who slaughter the animal, and then “he” does his job of sprinkling the blood.

[24] The Septuagint and Samaritan Pentateuch add “and with all the fat which is upon the innards,” (Lev. 3:9) raising the possibility that this may have been original but omitted in the Masoretic.

[25] This is an exact repeat of Leviticus 3:10

[26] This verb does not appear in the Septuagint or the Vulgate, but it is in the Samaritan Pentateuch.

[27] Plural “they shall offer” in Samaritan Pentateuch both here and in v.11, whereas it is singular in the MT & LXX. Since the oldest-known S.P. is only a couple hundred years old, this is not weighty.

[28] Samaritan Pentateuch inserts a definite article (“the”) here, but this doesn’t change the meaning. The KJV and DRB also insert a “the.”

[29] The Septuagint, Syriac, and Vulgate all omit the opening conjunction (“and/now”). It is understandable because all three are translations into other languages, and it seems more common to start sentences with a copula in Hebrew than it is in most other languages.

[30] Terumah comes from a Hebrew root meaning “to lift up,” and has been mentioned many times in Exodus to describe the donations of construction supplies for the tabernacle (Exodus 25:2-3; 29:27-28; 30:13-15; 35:5,21,24; 36:3,6), and we see it later in Numbers, particularly to describe tithe and firstfruit-type contributions (Numbers 5:9; 6:20; 15:19-21; 18:8,11,19,24-29; 31:29,41,52).