Psalm 37:1-7 “Fret Not”

Translation & Sermon By Nate Wilson for Christ the Redeemer Church, Manhattan, KS, 22 Apr 2018

INTRO:

v.1 About evil men don’t heat yourself up; don’t be jealous about those who commit injustice, v.2 because, quick as grass, they will wither, and like sprouts of greenery they will wilt.

·         Its imagery of grass connected with common people in David’s kingdom, many of whom made their living through raising sheep and goats, and it connected back to David’s own boyhood. Gerald Wilson explained in the NIV Application commentary that in Judea, “With the onset of the early spring rains, the arid hills spring quickly into a lush green covering of grass. Almost as quickly, however, the heat of late spring and summer parch this fodder into a brittle brown. The wicked ought not cause undue concern because their prosperity is just as tenuous as the spring grass that is ‘here today, gone tomorrow.’”

·         Now, for most of us, it doesn’t happen quick enough, but a sober analysis of history shows that if you look at developments by decades instead of by days or weeks, this trend generally holds true.

o   When I was in college, we knew there was an abortion clinic in Chattanooga, systematically killing babies for money. We prayed and picketed and winced as police beat our friends with clubs - when they weren’t even breaking the law – just to intimidate us into stopping the protests. It didn’t look like justice would be done. Little did we know that within five years, the owner of the clinic would come down with terminal cancer and sell the clinic to a pro-life women’s clinic!

o   Here in Kansas, how many years did we have to wait while George Tiller killed babies by the thousands and bribed Kansas officials to get away with it? I heard he was assassinated while trying to take communion at his church. It would have been better to see justice done properly by the state, but God’s justice was poetic for such a notorious murderer to be killed by another murderer.

·         God states throughout scripture in no uncertain terms that He is in control of these events:

o   Job 24:22-24 "But God draws the mighty away with His power; He rises up, but no man is sure of life.  23  He gives them security, and they rely on it; Yet His eyes are on their ways.  24  They are exalted for a little while, Then they are gone. They are brought low; They are taken out of the way like all others; They dry out [מלל] like the heads of grain. (NASB)

o   Psalm 90:3-6 You turn man to destruction, And say, "Return, O children of men."  ... In the morning they are like grass which grows up: In the morning it flourishes and grows up; In the evening it is cut down and withers [מלל]. (NKJV)

o   James 1:9-12 “But the brother of humble circumstances is to glory in his high position; and the rich man is to glory in his humiliation, because like flowering grass he will pass away. For the sun rises with a scorching wind and withers the grass; and its flower falls off and the beauty of its appearance is destroyed; so too the rich man in the midst of his pursuits will fade away. Blessed is a man who perseveres under trial; for once he has been approved, he will receive the crown of life which the Lord has promised to those who love Him.” (NASB)

·         So don’t get worked up over wrongdoers, and don’t envy their prosperity because it will not be long before God brings justice to bear and takes them down.

o   “Child of the Eternal Father, Bride of the Eternal Son,
Dwelling-place of God the Spirit, Thus with Christ made ever one...
Granted all my heart’s desire, All things made my own;
Feared by all the powers of evil, Fearing God alone;
Walking with the Lord in glory Through the courts divine,
Queen within the royal palace, Christ for ever mine;
Say, poor worldling, can it be, That my heart should envy thee?” ~Unknown

o   Remember also that it is the patience of God in allowing evil to exist for a little while that keeps the human race from being immediately wiped off the face of the earth. It is the patience of God that gave Him time to save you when you were perishing in your sin, and it is the patience of God that will bring about the salvation of more sinners. “The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, as some count slackness, but is longsuffering toward us, not willing that any should perish but that all should come to repentance.” (2 Peter 3:9, NKJV) So, the next time you see a wrongdoer get away with something, make that an opportunity to pray for God to rescue them!

Now, after two negative commands, David fires off ten positive commands in the next six verses!

v.3 Believe Yahweh and do what is good. Settle down on the land and associate with faithfulness, v.4 and delight yourself in Yahweh, then He will give to you the things your heart asks for.

1.      The first of the positive commands is בְּטַח “trust/believe in” Yahweh/the LORD.

·         In Psalm 21, God’s word said, “7 Because the king is trusting in Yahweh and in the lovingkindness of the Most High, he will in no way be overthrown. 8 Your hand will find all Your enemies; Your right hand will find those who hate You. 9 You will position them as [in] a furnace of fire at Your time of appearance. In His anger Yahweh will swallow them up, and fire will devour them. 10 You will destroy their fruit from the earth and their seed from the sons of Adam.” (NAW).

·         Do you believe God’s word is true that , as the judge of all the earth, He will do what’s right? Trust Him.

·         Do you also see that trusting him (or “believing” on Him – same word) is the difference between being righteous and unrighteous?

o   “Abraham believed and it was counted to him as righteousness” (Rom. 4).

o   “Believe on the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and you shall be saved – you and your household.” (Acts 16:31)

o   “He who does not believe will be condemned.” (Mark 16:16)

2.      The second command is to “do good” [עֲשֵׂה טוֹב]

·         Does this mean to just ape the latest social media do-good fad? No, these words have a very specific context. This is a quote of Deuteronomy 6:18 and 12:28, in which Moses summed up obeying the laws which God had revealed to him with the command: “do good.”

·         Deuteronomy 6:17-18 “You shall diligently keep the commandments of the LORD your God, His testimonies, and His statutes which He has commanded you. And you shall do what is right and good in the sight of the LORD, that it may be well with you, and that you may go in and possess the good land of which the LORD swore to your fathers” (NKJV)

·         Now, many of the popular do-good projects are things that God calls “good” in the law, such as helping the poor and needy, but let us be careful that what we do is derived from what God has told us in the Bible rather than being controlled by the whims of popular opinion.

·         When it looks like evil is not going to get punished, keep trusting and obeying God!

3.      The third command is to settle down in the land [שְׁכָן אֶרֶץ]

4.      The fourth command רְעֵה אֱמוּנָה is translated a few different ways:

5.      The fifth command is in v4: delight yourself [הִתְעַנַּג] in the Lord

Verse 4 closes with a “then” clause that wraps up verses 3-4. If you trust God, do good, settle down in the land, associate with faithfulness, and delight yourself in the Lord, then He will grant what you ask for.

v.5 Commit your way to Yahweh and believe on him, so it is He who will operate, v6 and He will bring forth your righteousness like the daylight and your justice like the noonday.

6.      Commit your way to the LORD – literally “roll [גּוֹל] your way onto” Him.

7.      This rolling ourselves onto Jesus, pitching our anxieties onto Him, committing ourselves to Him is related to trust, which is the seventh imperative in this Psalm, and a repeat of the first imperative in the Psalm, so we will move on, but note that the repeated command to trust (as well as the prohibition against fretting three times in the first 8 verses) emphasize the main point of this section and the main thing to obey!

Conclusion


Psalm 37:1-11[A]

Septuagint
(Psalm 35)

Brenton’s translation of LXX

Douay-Rheims Vulgate

King James Authorized Version

Nathan A Wilson’s
Version

Masoretic Text

1  Τοῦ Δαυιδ. Μὴ παραζήλου[B] ἐν πονηρευομένοις μηδὲ ζήλου τοὺς ποιοῦντας τὴν ἀνομίαν· 

1  A Psalm of David. Fret not thyself because of evil-doers, neither be envious of them that do iniquity.

1  Be not emulous of evildoers; nor envy them that work iniquity.

1  A Psalm of David. Fret not thyself because of evildoers, neither be thou envious against the workers of iniquity.

1 By David. About evil men don’t heat yourself up; don’t be jealous about those who commit injustice,

א לְדָוִד אַל תִּתְחַר בַּמְּרֵעִים אַל תְּקַנֵּא בְּעֹשֵׂי עַוְלָה.

ὅτι ὡσεὶ χόρτος ταχὺ ἀποξηρανθήσονται καὶ ὡσεὶ λάχανα χλόης [ταχὺ] ἀποπεσοῦνται

2  For they shall soon be withered as the grass, and shall [soon] fall away as the green herbs.

2  For they shall shortly wither away as grass, and as the green herbs shall [quickly] fall.

2  For they shall soon be cut down[C] like the grass, and wither as the green herb.

2 because, quick as grass, they will wither, and like sprouts of greenery they will wilt.

ב כִּי כֶחָצִיר מְהֵרָה יִמָּלוּ וּכְיֶרֶק דֶּשֶׁא יִבּוֹלוּן.

ἔλπισον ἐπὶ κύριον καὶ ποίει χρηστότητα [καὶ] κατασκήνου τὴν γῆν, καὶ ποιμανθήσῃ[D] [ἐπὶ] τῷ πλούτῳ [αὐτῆς]· 

3  Hope in the Lord, and do good; [and] dwell on the land, and thou shalt be fed [with] the wealth [of it].

3  Trust in the Lord, and do good, [and] dwell in the land, and thou shalt be fed [with its] riches.

3  Trust in the LORD, and do good; so shalt thou dwell in the land, and verily thou shalt be fed[E].

3 Believe Yahweh and do what is good. Settle down on the land and associate with faithfulness,

ג בְּטַח בַּיהוָה וַעֲשֵׂה טוֹב שְׁכָן אֶרֶץ וּרְעֵה אֱמוּנָה.

κατατρύφησον X τοῦ κυρίου, καὶ δώσει σοι τὰ αἰτήματα τῆς καρδίας σου

4  Delight thyself X in the Lord; and he shall grant thee the requests of thine heart.

4  Delight X in the Lord, and he will give thee the requests of thy heart.

4  Delight thyself also in the LORD; and he shall give thee the desires of thine heart.

4 and delight yourself over Yahweh. Then He will give to you the things your heart asks for.

ד וְהִתְעַנַּג עַל יְהוָה וְיִתֶּן לְךָ מִשְׁאֲלֹת לִבֶּךָ.

ἀποκάλυψον[F] πρὸς κύριον τὴν ὁδόν σου καὶ ἔλπισον ἐπ᾿ αὐτόν, καὶ αὐτὸς ποιήσει 

5  Disclose thy way to the Lord, and hope in him; and he shall bring [it] to pass.

5  Commit thy way to the Lord, and trust in him, and he will do [it].

5  Commit thy way unto the LORD; trust also in him; and he shall bring it to pass[G].

5 Commit your way to Yahweh and believe on him, so it is He who will operate,

ה גּוֹל [H]עַל יְהוָה דַּרְכֶּךָ וּבְטַח עָלָיו וְהוּא יַעֲשֶׂה.

καὶ ἐξοίσει ὡς φῶς τὴν δικαιοσύνην σου καὶ τὸ κρίμα σου ὡς μεσημβρίαν

6  And he shall bring forth thy righteousness as the light, and thy judgment as the noon-day.

6  And he will bring forth thy justice as the light, and thy judgment as the noonday.

6  And he shall bring forth thy righteousness as the light, and thy judgment as the noonday.

6 and He will bring forth your righteousness like the daylight and your justice like the noonday.

ו וְהוֹצִיא כָאוֹר צִדְקֶךָ וּמִשְׁפָּטֶךָ כַּצָּהֳרָיִם.

ὑποτάγηθι[I] τῷ κυρίῳ καὶ ἱκέτευσον[J] αὐτόν· μὴ παραζήλου ἐν τῷ κατευοδουμένῳ [ἐν] τῇ ὁδῷ αὐτοῦ, ἐν ἀνθρώπῳ ποιοῦντι παρανομίας

7  Submit thyself to the Lord, and supplicate him: fret not thyself because of him that prospers [in] his way, at the man that does unlawful deeds.

7  Be subject to the Lord and pray to him. Envy not the man who prospereth [in] his way; the man who doth unjust things.

7  Rest in the LORD, and wait patiently for him: fret not thyself because of him who prospereth [in] his way, because of the man who bringeth wicked devices[K] to pass.

7 Don’t heat yourself up when a man is operating wicked schemes, when his way is making progress; keep cool before Yahweh and labor on for Him.

ז דּוֹם לַיהוָה וְהִתְחוֹלֵל לוֹ אַל תִּתְחַר בְּמַצְלִיחַ דַּרְכּוֹ בְּאִישׁ עֹשֶׂה מְזִמּוֹת.

παῦσαι ἀπὸ ὀργῆς καὶ ἐγκατάλιπε θυμόν, μὴ παραζήλου ὥστε πονηρεύεσθαι· 

8  ease from anger, and forsake wrath: fret not thyself so as to do evil.

8  Cease from anger, and leave rage; have no emulation X to do evil.

8  Cease from anger, and forsake wrath: fret not thyself in any wise[L] to do evil.

8 Ease off of anger and forsake fury; don’t heat yourself up only to cause harm,

ח הֶרֶף מֵאַף וַעֲזֹב חֵמָה אַל תִּתְחַר אַךְ לְהָרֵעַ.

ὅτι οἱ πονηρευόμενοι ἐξολεθρευθήσονται, οἱ δὲ ὑπομένοντες τὸν κύριον αὐτοὶ κληρονομήσουσιν γῆν

9  For evil-doers shall be destroyed: but they that wait on the Lord, they shall inherit the land.

9  For evildoers shall be cut off: but they that wait upon the Lord, they shall inherit the land.

9  For evildoers shall be cut off: but those that wait upon the LORD, they shall inherit the earth.

9 because evil men will be cut off, but those who wait on Yahweh, they will possess the land.

ט כִּי מְרֵעִים יִכָּרֵתוּן וְקֹוֵי יְהוָה הֵמָּה יִירְשׁוּ אָרֶץ.

 


 



[A] My original chart includes the NASB and NIV, but their copyright restrictions have forced me to remove them from the publicly-available edition of this chart. I have included the ESV in footnotes when it employs a word not already used by the KJV, NASB, or NIV. (NAW is my translation.) When a translation adds words not in the Hebrew text, but does not indicate it has done so by the use of italics (or greyed-out text), I put the added words in [square brackets]. When one version chooses a wording which is different from all the other translations, I underline it. When a version chooses a translation which, in my opinion, either departs too far from the root meaning of the Hebrew word or departs too far from the grammar form of the original text, I use strike­out. And when a version omits a word which is in the Hebrew text, I insert an X. (I also place an X at the end of a word if the original word is plural but the English translation is singular.) I occasionally use colors to help the reader see correlations between the various editions and versions when there are more than two different translations of a given word. Hebrew text that is colored purple matches the Dead Sea Scrolls, and variants between the DSS and the MT are noted in endnotes with the following exceptions: When a holem or qametz-hatuf or qibbutz pointing in the MT is represented in the DSS by a vav (or vice versa), or when a hireq pointing in the MT is represented in the DSS by a yod (the corresponding consonantal representation of the same vowel) – or vice versa, or when the tetragrammaton is spelled with paleo-Hebrew letters, I did not record it a variant. The three known Dead Sea Scrolls containing Psalm 37 are 11Q8 (verses 1-5) & 4Q85 (vs.18-19).

[B] Α=διαμαχου (“fight through”), Σ=φιλονεικει (“like beating” – repeated in v.7), Θ=παρεριθιζου (“provoke along”), Ε=ερεθιζου (“stir up”)

[C] There are only two other places in the Hebrew Bible where this word occurs with this same consonantal spelling. KJV translators probably mistook the root for נמל (“circumcise” – as it is in Gen. 34:24), whereas most other scholars (including the LXX translators) have taken the root as מלל (“wither” – as it is in Job 24:24) NASB=wither quickly, ESV=fade

[D] The 2nd century Greek translations correct the Septuagint to the Masoretic reading: Α=νεμου πιστιν (“distributing faith”), Σ=ποιμαινου διηνεκως (“continuously acting”), Ε=ποιει πιστιν (“making faithfulness”)

[E] NASB=cultivate faithfulness, NIV=enjoy safe pasture, ESV=befriend faithfulness. LXX adds “with its wealth” but that addition is not supported by the only known DSS with these verses.

[F] 2nd century Greek versions correct to the MT: Aquilla: κυλιε (“roll”), Symmachus= επικυλισον (“roll upon”=commit yourself to).

[G] NASB=do [it], NIV=do [this], ESV=act

[H] Kittel noted that a few Hebrew manuscripts )including from the Cairo Geniza which predate the Westminster text by two centuries) read “to” (אל) instead of “upon” על)) (Only the one letter Lamed in common to both words – and none of the rest of the verse – is legible in the DSS, so that doesn’t help resolve things.) and “your ways” (דרכיך) instead of singular “your way.” The Septuagint supports the former (προς) but not the latter (οδον) here. Then in v.6 these Hebrew manuscripts also pluralize “justice” (משפטיך instead of משפטך). The LXX doesn’t concur with them. The meaning is not changed in any case.

[I] 2nd century Greek versions correct to the MT reading: Α=σιγησον (“be silent”), Σ=ησυχαζε (“keep quiet”). Unfortunately, my copy of Origenis Hexaplorum skips pages 143-149, so those notes won’t pick back up until Psalm 39!

[J] Kittel cites the Syriac in support of the Septuagint “supplicate/pray,” but notes that the Targums support Aquila’s translation of αποκαρδοκει (“eagerly await”), which seems to be more the bent of the MT and English versions based on the MT.

[K] NASB & NIV=Wicked schemes, ESV=evil devices

[L] NASB & NIV= [it leads] only, ESV=[it tends] only to, LXX=hoste=that is