Hebrews 2:5-9 “Nothing Not Subject”

Translation & Sermon by Nate Wilson for Christ the Redeemer Church of Manhattan, KS, 2 Sept. 2018

Omitting greyed-out text should bring sermon delivery down to about 40 minutes.

Introduction

· What would you do if you had all the power in the world and could do anything you wanted and nobody could tell you No?

· What would you do if you owned all the money and all the things in the world and could afford to get anything you wanted? What would you do with it?

· I have three points that I see in the middle of Hebrews chapter 2 along with three applications. The three points are that:

1. Authority over all things is limited

2. Jesus has been given absolute authority

3. The Authority of Jesus is not yet visible except in His salvation

o And the three applications will answer my opening question what to do if you had all the power in the world and could do anything, but I’ll save those applications for the end.

I. Authority over all things is limited:
V.5 It was not to angels that He made the world that is about to come accountable/subject

· What is the “world to come/the world that is about to be/ τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν”?

o This phrase doesn’t occur anywhere else in the Bible, and Bible commentators have a surprising range of opinions as to what it means[1], but I think it is the future counterpart to this world that we live in now.

o The world that is was created by God in Genesis, and the Greek versions of Jeremiah’s prophecies use the same word oikoumene to describe that: Jeremiah 28:15 “The Lord made the earth by his power, preparing the world by his wisdom, by his understanding he stretched out the heaven.” (Brenton, cf. Jer. 10:12)

o This world will be destroyed in God’s judgment, and God will make a new heavens and new earth that are good, glorious, and permanent:

§ Matthew 12:32 “…whoever might speak against the Holy Spirit, it shall not be forgiven of him either in this age now or in the one which is coming. (NAW)

§ Matthew 16:27 For the Son of Man is about to come in His Father's glory with His angels and then pay back to each man according to his deeds.” (NAW)

§ Romans 8:18 “For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory that is [about] to be revealed to us.” (NASB)

§ Hebrews 13:14 “For here we do not have a lasting city, but we are seeking the city which is [about] to come.” (NAS)

o So, the world that is about to come is this future world, and it will be under the governance of Jesus Himself.

· This Greek word ὑπέταξε is the word describing the relationship between a king and a citizen under the king’s authority.

o 1 Chronicles 29:24 “The princes, and the mighty men, and all the sons of king David his father, were subject to him [Solomon].” (Brenton)

o Daniel 7:13-14 “I was watching in the night visions, And behold, One like the Son of Man, Coming with the clouds of heaven! He came to the Ancient of Days, And they brought Him near before Him. Then to Him was given dominion and glory and a kingdom, That all peoples, nations, and languages should serve Him. His dominion is an everlasting dominion, Which shall not pass away, And His kingdom the one Which shall not be destroyed. (NKJV) 27 And the kingdom and the power and the greatness of the kings that are under the whole heaven were given to the saints of the Most High; and His kingdom is an everlasting kingdom, and all powers shall serve[be accountable to] and obey Him” (Brenton)

o The NLT uses the word “authority” in its translation, and most other English versions translate it “make subject,” but because “subjection” is not a very common word in today’s vocabulary, and because it has such negative connotations now, I looked for another more commonly-used word and came up with “accountability,” which may not connote as total an authority, but if you put together those concepts of subjection, being under authority, and accountability, that’s the relationship everything in the universe will have to Jesus.

· Now the point is that this kind of authority was never given to an angel, and it follows the extended argument in Hebrews chapter 1 on the superiority of Christ to angels. Nowhere is the Greek root hupotas- used with an angel as the subject. In the Bible, it is always God or man who is the subject of hupotas-

o Psalm 37:7 “Submit thyself to the Lord, and supplicate him: fret not thyself because of him that prospers in his way, at the man that does unlawful deeds.” (Brenton, Cf. Ps.61:2&6)

o Psalm 47:3 “He has subdued the peoples under us, and the nations under our feet.” (Brenton, cf. Ps. 144:2)

o Luke 10:17 “Then the seventyreturned with joy, saying, ‘Lord, even the demons are subject to us in Your name.’”

· Jesus is the One to whom the world-to-come will be fully subject

o 1 Cor 15:21-28 “For since, on account of a man, there is death, also, on account of a man, there is resurrection of dead [men]. For, just as in Adam, all are dying, thus also in the Christ, all will be made alive, yet each in his own rank: Christ is the firstfruit, then those who are Christ’s – during His visitation, then there is the end, whenever He delivers the kingdom to His God and Father, whenever He has put out of commission all rule and all authority and power. For it is necessary for Him to reign until whenever He has put all His enemies beneath His feet. Death, the last enemy, is being put out of commission, for “He has brought all things under submission beneath His feet.” Now, wherever it said that, “all things had been put under submission,” obviously it was [with] the exception of the One who put all the things under submission to Him. And whenever all the things have been put under submission to Him, then also the Son Himself will be under submission to the One who put all the things under submission to Him, in order that God might be the all in all.” (NAW)

o 1 Peter 3:22 “Jesus Christ, who is at the right hand of God after having proceeded into heaven, angels and authorities and powers having been subjected to Him.” (NAW)

o Eph. 1:20-23 “…He raised Him from the dead and seated Him at His right hand in the heavenly places, far above all principality and power and might and dominion, and every name that is named, not only in this age but also in that which is to come. And He put all things under His feet, and gave Him to be head over all things to the church, which is His body.” (NKJ)

II. Jesus has been given absolute authority, as proved by Psalm 8

· V6 But [you know] where a certain someone testified

o The Greek phrase that opens v.6 (πού τις[2]) is translated various ways. It indicates some indefiniteness, but, as Greek scholar Marvin Vincent wrote, “It does not mean that the writer is ignorant of the author or of the place, but assumes that the readers know it, and that it is [not important at this point to get into] who said it or where it is written.”

o We – and all who are familiar with the Psalms – know that this is a quote[3] from Psalm 8.

· saying, “What is man that you remember him or the son of man that that you look after him?

o The original context of Psalm 8 was David marveling at the Almighty God stooping to relate to human beings. I think in that context, “son” meant “category of.” In other words, it equates “man” with the “category of human being,” who had no way to obligate his Creator-God to do anything extra for him, and yet there God was in David’s life delivering his soul from death, promising good things to him, and listening to what he had to say. How awesome is that!

o When Jesus was born, Mary’s Aunt Elizabeth spoke in terms of Jesus coming to be our savior as God’s “remembrance” (same Greek root-word as in Heb. 2:6) Luke 1:54 “He has helped His servant Israel, In remembrance of His mercy…” (NKJV)

o Luke 1:67-75 “[Then John’s] father Zacharias was filled with the Holy Spirit, and prophesied, saying: ‘Blessed is the Lord God of Israel, For He has visited [this is the other verb in Heb 2:6 – also translated “looked after/cared for/took concern for”] and redeemed His people, And has raised up a horn of salvation for us In the house of His servant David, [in other words, God visited/showed concern for His people by raising up Jesus to save us ‘God has visited His people’ Luke 7:16] As He spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets, Who have been since the world began, That we should be saved from our enemies And from the hand of all who hate us, To perform the mercy promised to our fathers And to remember His holy covenant [again, there’s that word “remember” that Heb. 2:6 uses in reference to mankind and Elizabeth used in reference to God’s “mercy,” and which, I might also add, the repentant thief on the cross cried out to Jesus: ‘remember me when you enter your kingdom’(Luke 23:42), and it’s what the angel said to Cornelius the Roman army captain, ‘your prayers have been remembered’ (Acts 10:31) – and Acts 15:14 says God ‘visited’ Cornelius’ household when they heard the gospel. Incidentally, God’s remembering also extends to getting rid of ‘all of His and our enemies’ in the book of Rev. 16:19 when He ‘remembers Babylon’ and destroys it.). Returning to Zacheriah’s quote, God sent Jesus ‘to remember His holy covenant’ – what covenant was that? God’s ‘eternal covenant’ with the promises added in Jeremiah 31:33-34 ‘But this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says the LORD… I will be their God, and they shall be My people... For I will forgive their iniquity, and their sin I will remember no more.’), but that is just part of the eternal covenant, as Zachariah goes on to note], The oath which He swore to our father Abraham: To grant us that we, Being delivered from the hand of our enemies, Might serve Him without fear, In holiness and righteousness before Him all the days of our life.’” (NKJV)

o Just as David the psalm-writer of old marveled that the Almighty Creator-God would stoop to “look after” him, so the N.T. authors recognized that the further developments of God’s “remembering” and “visiting” mankind have been for the purpose of fulfilling His eternal covenant of salvation from sin and from all evil for people of all nations.

o And, for what it’s worth, that “remembering” and “visiting” are in the present tense in Greek, indicating not merely one visit or remembrance, but an ongoing, steady stream of remembering and visiting us to ensure our salvation and the blessings of His covenant.

o What did we do to deserve such tremendous kindness? Nothing! How awesome is that!

o Now the focus of our text shifts from the original context of the Psalm to the Messianic fulfillment of the Psalm. As I noted many times in my sermons on the Psalms, there are usually three applications that the Psalms were written for:

1. They were descriptions of David’s experience,

2. but they were also written as prophecies of the Messiah Jesus to come,

3. and they were written to apply to the experience of all believers.

o All three share to some extent an experience of being made low and then being set in a place of honor:

§ Initially of Adam: Formed out of the dust of the ground – you can’t get much lower than that, then given dominion over all the earth Gen. 1:26-30, but He disobeyed God and failed.

§ Then of David – hunted like an outlaw in the caves of the Negev desert and banished from the court of the Philistines as a madman, but then given the position of King over all of Israel and promised that God would subdue all his enemies “under his feet” (1 Ki. 5:3; Ps. 18:38), but he got distracted and didn’t quite get all the enemies he was supposed to get.

§ Then Jesus succeeded – But He started out by “emptying Himself” of His heavenly glory and lowering Himself into a created human body and crashing even lower than that to die like the worst of criminals before being raised from the dead and seated at the right hand of God with all power and authority while everything is being subjected to Him. (Mal. 4:3; 1 Cor. 15:25; Eph 1:22 – cf. Phil 2)

§ Then comes our turn! We start out humbly, “naked from [our] mother’s womb,” and we, like John the Baptizer, are called to “decrease” in order to make Christ increase[4], Ephesians 2:4-6 “But God, who is rich in mercy, because of His great love with which He loved us, even when we were dead in trespasses, made us alive together with Christ (by grace you have been saved), and raised us up together, and made us sit together in the heavenly places in Christ Jesus…” (NKJ), Malachi 4:3 “You [who fear God’s name] will trample down the wicked, so they will be ashes under the soles of your feet on the day that I act,” says Yahweh Sabbaoth. Rom. 16:20 “Satan will soon be crushed under your feet” (NAW)

· V.7 continues, “You made Him lower than angels for a little while. You crowned him with glory and honor…”

o The demotion is compared to the status of angels (ἀγγέλους) and is a translation of the Hebrew word Elohim in the original Psalm.

o Elohim literally means “high ones” and is frequently used to refer to God but also often used to refer to any persons who hold an exalted status. For that reason we get a range of translations in English too for Psalm 8:5,

§ with the NASB and NLT translating Elohim as “God,”

§ the KJV and NIV, following Jewish tradition, translating Elohim as “angels,” and

§ the ESV trying not to come down on either side by translating it “heavenly beings.”

§ A case can be made for either, for God is exalted above all, so any demotion necessarily puts anyone below God, and, although God’s word says that we will rule over angels in the future[5], angels are given some measure of jurisdiction over this world for now[6].

o Here, I think our author is driving at the descent of Christ from heaven in His incarnation, a descent that exited out of the heavenly realm altogether (thus below angels) to our human dimension.

o But this low period is temporary. I’m siding with NAS, NIV, NET, CEV, and ESV that add the word “while” (as in “time”), although I’ll admit that a slight majority of commentaries I read sided with “a little bit” rather than “a little time” so I don’t want to be dogmatic here[7].

o At any rate, as we track with the logic of the book of Hebrews, we are alerted in v.9 that we’re zeroing in on the Messianic aspect of Psalm 8, namely that the one made a little lower than the angels” is Jesus.

o Then comes the state of exaltation “crowned with glory and honor”

§ To “crown” someone was to publicly honor them, whether a winner in an athletic contest (2 Tim. 2:5) or a political ally (3 Macc. 3:28) or a king (Canticles 3:11.)

§ The first time we see that phrase “Glory and honor” (doxa kai time in the Greek Septuagint) is when Aaron was receiving his high priestly garments: Exodus 28:2 “And thou shalt make holy apparel for Aaron thy brother, for honour and glory.[8]” (Brenton) and, as the book of Hebrews unfolds, we will see that high priesthood is exactly the role (in an exalted sense) that was bestowed on Jesus.

§ “Glory and honor” was also a phrase describing what was due out of respect to kings (Dan 2:37, 2 Chron 32:33, etc).

§ And “Glory and honor” are what God deserves in worship: Psalm 29:1 “Bring to the Lord, ye sons of God, bring to the Lord young rams; bring to the Lord glory and honour… 95:7 Bring to the Lord, ye families of the Gentiles, bring to the Lord glory and honour.” (Brenton, cf. Job 37:22, 1 Tim 1:17, Rev. 4:9-11)

§ And this glory and honor of a divine high-priestly king was given to Jesus: 2 Peter 1:17 For He [Jesus] received from God the Father honor and glory when such a voice came to Him from the Excellent Glory: "This is My beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased." (NKJ)

§ But the bestowal of honor and glory doesn’t stop with Jesus; God promises to share His glory and honor with all of us who trust and obey Jesus: Romans 2:6-10 “God will render to each one according to his deeds:eternal life to those who by patient continuance in doing good seek for glory, honor, and immortality; but to those who are self-seeking and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness-- indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, on every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew first and also of the Greek; but glory, honor, and peace to everyone who works what is good…” (NKJV)

· The quote of Psalm 8 continues into v.8, with over 99% of the Greek manuscripts skipping over the phrase in the Psalm about God setting Him over the works of his hands.

o The Bible used by the Greek Orthodox Church therefore has always skipped the phrase,

o but curiously, the Greek manuscripts that made it into the West and were used to translate the Vulgate and the KJV were from that fraction-of-a-percent of Greek manuscripts which included the skipped-over phrase.

o Western scholars apparently only discovered the discrepancy a couple hundred years ago, which explains why the NIV and ESV and NLT and I don’t have it in our translations.

o Either way, this phrase is already scripture because it’s in Psalm 8, but it’s just not a main point picked up on or commented on here in Hebrews.

· The quote finishes out in v.8 “You made all things accountable/in subjection underneath His feet.” And then the commentary starts: “For in making all things accountable/subject to Him, He left nothing unaccountable to Him, though now we’re not yet seeing all things having been made accountable to Him.”

o The key points are that:

1. The universe was placed under Jesus’ authority at some point in the past, and that condition of subjection continues to the present (this is implied in the Perfect-tense participle at the end of the verse),

2. Nothing exists that has not been put under Jesus’ authority; no exceptions have been made,

3. The universe’s accountability to Jesus was not observable to the physical eye at the time the book of Hebrews was written (& we can see that this is still the case today),

4. And finally it is implied that Jesus’ universal authority will become plain to see in the future; it’s just “not yet.”

o Now, of these points, we have already meditated on the earlier ones about the universal sovereignty of the Son of God, but the “not-yet-ness” of its visibility is now being introduced, so I want to look at that fourth point for a minute.

· We live in a world where it’s hard to see that Jesus is on the throne in heaven exercising authority over all things. God’s plan was to make this an incremental process rather than an instant change.

· Why? I think that 2 Peter 3:9 gives us the reason: “The Lord is not slack concerning His promise, as some count slackness, but is longsuffering toward us, not willing that any should perish but that all should come to repentance.”

· Think about it; if Judgment Day had come 2000 years ago, you would never end up in heaven. So God allows this process to go slowly, and He tells us to wait for it to come to completion.

· Matthew 22:44 'The Lord said to my Lord, "Sit at my right hand until whenever I place your enemies underneath Your feet."' (NAW)

· 1 John 3:2 “Loved ones, now we are children of God, and what we will be [in the future] has not yet been brought to light. We know that whenever it is brought to light, we will be similar to Him because we will see Him just as He is.” (NAW)

· 1 Corinthians 13:12 “For we see [βλέπομεν] now by means of a mirror in riddles, but then face to face. Now I know of a part, but then I will fully know just as I was known.” (NAW)

III. The Authority of Jesus is not yet visible except in His salvation
V.9 However, we do see the one who for a little while had been made lower than angels, Jesus, having been crowned with glory and honor on account of His suffering of death in order that, by the grace of God, He might taste death on behalf of all.

· V.8 mentioned what we don’t see, which is basically the future, but v.9 mentions what we do see, and that is what Jesus did in history to bring about our salvation.

· You and I haven’t physically seen Jesus, but He was physically seen in the early part of the first century by thousands of people in Israel, and several of them wrote down what they saw and heard of Him, and that has been preserved in the Holy Bible.

· And as we believe His promises in His word, Christians, by means of faith, keep their “eyes fixed on Jesus, the author and finisher of our faith.” (Hebrews 12:2)

· The sequence of the gospel message which we believe in in v.9:

1. Jesus was made lower than angels (which I interpret as leaving heavenly glory to come to earth as a man)

2. Jesus suffering death (His crucifixion) on behalf of all of us who sinned and came short of the glory of God and were sentenced to die as God’s just punishment.

· That phrase “on behalf of all” (huper pantos) occurs in two other places in the Greek Bible (plus two more in the Apocrypha), and every time, it refers to a sacrifice made to forgive the sins of all Israel.

3. Jesus being crowned with glory and honor as a result of His successful work of salvation (which I believe is His resurrection & ascension into heaven to be King of the universe).

4. We might also add a fourth point to the gospel message, and that is the application of this salvation to specific persons from being punished to death by God for our sins.

· This is implied by the word “grace” which means “free gift,”

· and it is implied by the subjunctive mood of the Greek verb translated “might taste death.” The word “might” indicates that not “all” mankind will necessarily receive that gift, and that is indeed confirmed throughout scripture by the number of people who perished in God’s punishments throughout history and who will perish in the coming judgments that Jesus prophesied.

· However, those who “pay close attention” to this message about Jesus and “hold fast” to it (2:1), who trust Him to “make purification for” their sins (1:3) and be their sovereign king and great high priest who makes them right with God, those are the ones who have received the “grace of God” and for whom Jesus substituted His own death for theirs. In John 8:52 Jesus is quoted as saying, “If anyone keeps My word he shall never taste death.” (NKJ) We summarize that by the word “faith”:

· Romans 5:1-2 “Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom also we have access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God.” (NKJV)

· Ephesians 2:8 “For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that [faith is] not of yourselves; it is the gift of God…” (NKJV)

CONCLUSION: So what do we do with the knowledge that Jesus has been given ultimate authority over the universe but hasn’t revealed it except in salvation?

· As I reviewed passages which spoke of the authority Jesus had and subjection of all things to Him, I was struck at what Jesus did with that authority and modeled for us:

· Jesus’ position of ultimate authority motivates us to work out our own salvation with fear and trembling:
Philippians 2:4-13 “Let this mind be in you which was also in Christ Jesus, who, being in the form of God, did not consider it robbery to be equal with God, but made Himself of no reputation, taking the form of a bondservant, and coming in the likeness of men. And being found in appearance as a man, He humbled Himself and became obedient to the point of death, even the death of the cross. Therefore God also has highly exalted Him and given Him the name which is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, of those in heaven, and of those on earth, and of those under the earth, and that every tongue should confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed… work out your own salvation with fear and trembling; for it is God who works in you both to will and to do for His good pleasure.” (NKJV)

· Jesus’ position of ultimate authority motivated Him to serve others, and He called us to do the same trusting in His ultimate authority.
John 13:3-5, 12-17 “Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into His hands, and that He had come from God and was going to God, rose from supper and laid aside His garments, took a towel and girded Himself. After that, He poured water into a basin and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel with which He was girded… So when He had washed their feet, taken His garments, and sat down again, He said to them, ‘Do you know what I have done to you? You call Me Teacher and Lord, and you say well, for so I am. If I then, your Lord and Teacher, have washed your feet, you also ought to wash one another's feet. For I have given you an example, that you should do as I have done to you. Most assuredly, I say to you, a servant is not greater than his master; nor is he who is sent greater than he who sent him. If you know these things, blessed are you if you do them.’” (NKJV)

· Jesus made disciples and told us to do the same
Mat 28:18-20 And Jesus approached and spoke to them saying, “Every authority in heaven and upon earth was given to me, therefore once y’all have proceeded, start discipling all the ethnicities, baptizing them into the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to keep all of whatever I commanded y’all, and see, I myself am with y’all all your days until the conclusion of the age.” (NAW)

[1] E.g. Chrysostom said it was this world; Hughes said it was the messianic age.

[2] only occurring here and Heb. 4:4 in the Bible

[3] For what it’s worth, it matches the Greek Septuagint translation of that Hebrew Psalm exactly.

[4] John 3:30 – the only other NT instance of this Greek verb

[5] 1Co 6:3 “Do you not know that we shall judge angels? How much more, matters of this life?” (NAW)

[6] Daniel 10:13-21 “But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; and behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, for I had been left alone there with the kings of Persia. Now I have come to make you understand what will happen to your people in the latter days, for the vision refers to many days yet to come." … I opened my mouth and spoke, saying to him who stood before me, "… can this servant of my lord talk with you, my lord?..." Then again, the one having the likeness of a man touched me and strengthened me. … Then he said, "… when I have gone forth, indeed the prince of Greece will come. But I will tell you what is noted in the Scripture of Truth. (No one upholds me against these, except Michael your prince…)” (NKJV)

1John 5:19b “… the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.” (NAW)

[7] “Although there is precedent for both meanings [degree and time] in both Class. and N.T., the idea of time better suits the whole line of thought, and would probably… have appeared to a Greek reader the more natural interpretation. (For this sense see Isa. 57:17; Acts 5:34.)” ~Vincent, Word Studies of the new Testament, 1886

[8] cf. 2 Chron. 3:6 where it refers to the temple

Majority	NAW	KJV
5 Οὐ γὰρ ἀγγέλοις ὑπέταξε τὴν οἰκουμένην τὴν μέλλουσαν, περὶ ἧς λαλοῦμεν.	5 For it was not to angels that He made accountable the world that is about to be, of which we are speaking,	5 For unto the angels hath he not put in subjection the world to come, whereof we speak.
6 διεμαρτύρατο δέ πού τις λέγων· τί ἐστιν ἄνθρωπος ὅτι μιμνῄσκῃ αὐτοῦ, ἢ υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ὅτι ἐπισκέπτῃ^PMI2s αὐτόν;	6 But [you know] where a certain someone solemnly testified saying, “What is man that you remember him or the son of man that that you look after him?	6 But one in a certain place testified, saying, What is man, that thou art mindful of him? or the son of man, that thou visitest him?
7 ἠλάττωσας αὐτὸν βραχύ τι[A] παρ᾿ ἀγγέλους, δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφάνωσας αὐτόν, [καὶ κατέστησας αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὰ ἔργα τῶν χειρῶν σου[B]]·	7 You made Him lower than angels for a little while. You crowned him with glory and honor…	7 Thou madest him a little lower than [the] angels; thou crownedst him with glory and honour, [and didst set him over the works of thy hands:]
8 πάντα ὑπέταξας ὑποκάτω τῶν ποδῶν αὐτοῦ. ἐν γὰρ τῷ ὑποτάξαι αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα οὐδὲν ἀφῆκεν αὐτῷ ἀνυπότακτον. νῦν δὲ οὔπω ὁρῶμεν αὐτῷ τὰ πάντα ὑποτεταγμένα·	8 You made all things accountable underneath His feet.” For in making all things accountable to Him, He left nothing unaccountable to Him, though now we’re not yet seeing all things having been made accountable to Him.	8 Thou hast put all things in subjection under his feet. For in that he put all in subjection [under] him, he left nothing that is not put under him. But now we see not yet all things put under him.
9 τὸν δὲ βραχύ τι παρ᾿ ἀγγέλους ἠλαττωμένον βλέπομεν ᾿Ιησοῦν διὰ τὸ πάθημα τοῦ θανάτου δόξῃ καὶ τιμῇ ἐστεφανωμένον, ὅπως χάριτι Θεοῦ ὑπὲρ παντὸς γεύσηται θανάτου.	9 However, we do see the one who for a little while had been made lower than angels, Jesus, having been crowned with glory and honor on account of His suffering of death in order that, by the grace of God, He might taste death on behalf of all.	9 But we see Jesus, who was made a little lower than the angels for the suffering of death, crowned with glory and honour; that he by the grace of God should taste death for every man.

Hebrews 2:5-9 “Nothing Not Subject”

Introduction

I. Authority over all things is limited: V.5 It was not to angels that He made the world that is about to come accountable/subject

II. Jesus has been given absolute authority, as proved by Psalm 8

CONCLUSION: So what do we do with the knowledge that Jesus has been given ultimate authority over the universe but hasn’t revealed it except in salvation?

APPENDIX A: Side-by side Greek Text and English Versions of Hebrews 2:5-9

I. Authority over all things is limited:
V.5 It was not to angels that He made the world that is about to come accountable/subject