2 Corinthians 12:7-10 – Made Perfect In Weakness

Translation & Sermon by Nate Wilson for Christ The Redeemer Church, Manhattan, KS, 2 August 2026
Underlined words in Scripture quotes indicate words that are in common with the Greek text of the sermon passage. Otherwise, underlining indicates words to emphasize when reading this transcript out loud. Omitting greyed-out text should reduce read-aloud time to about 40 minutes.

Introduction

v.7 A Satanic “Thorn” to Keep from Self-exaltation

v.8 Request To Get Rid of the Thorn

v.9 God’s Message about Grace Leads Paul To Boast in Weakness

v.10 Embrace Weakness for Christ’s Sake

Conclusion:

I want to close with the lyrics of a song written by Twila Paris in 1990, called “This Thorn.”

Thank you for this thorn embedded in my flesh. I can feel the mystery – my spirit is made fresh.

You are sovereign still and forever wise. I can see the miracle opening my eyes –

To a proud heart so quick to judge – Laying down crosses and carrying grudges.

The veil has been torn, And I thank you for this thorn...

And if You chose to take it, I will praise You and thank You for the healing in your name,

But if it must remain, I thank You for Your rod – Evidence of Father-love for a child of God.

I join you in sorrow (So much less than You have borne)

And I thank you (Really I thank You, Lord); I thank You for this thorn.


2 Corinthians 12:7-12 – Comparison of Textual Traditions & VersionsA

ByzantineB

NAW

KJVC

RheimsD

MurdockE

CopticF

7 Καὶ τῇ ὑπερβολῇ τῶν ἀπο­καλύψεων, Gἵνα μὴ ὑπεραίρ­ωμαιH, ἐδόθη μοι σκόλοψI τῇ Jσαρκί, Kἄγγελος Σατᾶν ἵνα με κολαφίζῃL ἵνα μὴ ὑπερ­αίρωμαιM.

7 Also, in order that I might not be lifted too high with the abundance of these revelations, a shaft for my flesh was given to me – a messenger of Satan – in order that it might beat me down, so that I might not be lifted too high.

7 And lest I should be exalted above measure through the abundance of the revelations, there was given to me a thorn in the flesh, the mes­senger of Sa­tan to buffet me, lest I should be ex­alted above measure.

7 And lest X the great­ness of the revelations should X exalt me, there was given me a sting of my flesh, an angel of Satan, to buffet me X X X X X X X.

7 And, that I might not be uplifted by the excell­ency of the revelations, there was imparted to me a thorn in my flesh, the angel of Sa­tan, to buffet me, that I might not be uplifted.

7 And in (the) abundance of the revelations, [there­foreB], that I should not {exalt myselfΒ/be exalted [of heart]S}, a [piercingB] thorn was given in my flesh, namely anB/theS angel of Satan that he might buffet me, that I should not exalt myself.

8 ὑπὲρN τούτου τρὶς τὸν Κύριον παρεκάλεσα ἵνα ἀποστῇ ἀπ᾿ ἐμοῦ·

8 Concerning this, I pleaded with the Lord three times, that it might stand down from me.

8 For this [thing] I besought the Lord thrice, that it might depart from me.

8 For which [thing], thrice I besought the Lord that it might depart from me.

8 Respecting this, I thrice besought my Lord, that it might depart from me.

8 Ι prayed the Lord three times about this, that he might depart from me.

9 καὶ εἴρηκέ μοι· ἀρκεῖ σοι ἡ χάριςO μου· ἡ γὰρ δύναμις μουP ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ τελειοῦταιQ. ἥδισταR οὖν μᾶλλον καυχήσομαι ἐν ταῖς ἀσθενείαις μου, ἵνα ἐπι­σκηνώσῃS ἐπ᾿ ἐμὲ ἡ δύναμις τοῦ Χριστοῦ.

9 However, He has said to me, “My grace is enough for you, for my power is perfected through weakness.” So instead, I will most-gladly brag about myself in my weaknesses so that the power of the Anointed One may camp out on me.

9 And he said unto me, My grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness. Most gladly therefore will I rather glory in my infirm­ities, that the power of Christ may rest upon me.

9 And he said to me: My grace is sufficient for thee: for power is made per­fect in infir­mity. X Gladly therefore will I glory in my infir­mities, that the power of Christ may dwell in me.

9 And he said to me, My grace is suff­icient for thee; for my power is per­fected in weakness. X Gladly, therefore, will I glory in my infirm­ities, that the power of the Messiah may rest upon me.

9 And he said to me: 'It is suffi­cient for thee with thisB/myS grace: for myB/theS pow­er was [wont to beS] completed in the weakness.' {[It is] pleasing [to me to]B/with pleasure IS then rather boast myself in the weaknesses, that the power of Christ may beB/ dwellS upon me.

10 διὸ εὐδοκῶ ἐν ἀσθενείαιςT, ἐν ὕβρεσινU, ἐν ἀνάγκαις, ἐνV διωγμοῖς, ἐν στενο­χωρίαις, ὑπὲρ Χριστοῦ· ὅτανW γὰρ ἀσθενῶ, τότε δυνατός εἰμι.

10 Therefore I delight in weaknesses, in insults, in forced cir­cumstances, in persecutions, in restrictions for the sake of the Anointed One, for whenever I am weak, it is then that I am strong.

10 There­fore I take pleasure in infirmities, in reproach­es, in neces­sities, in persecu­tions, in distresses for Christ's sake: for when I am weak, then am I strong.

10 For which cause I please my­self in [my] infirmities, in reproach­es, in neces­sities, in per­secutions, in distresses, for Christ. For when I am weak, then am I powerful.

10 Therefore I have pleas­ure in infirm­ities, in re­proachX, in afflictions, in persecution­[sX], in dis­tress[esY], which are for the Mes­siah's sake: for when I am weak, then am I strong.

10 [Because of thisS] Therefore I am well pleased in weakness­esB[XS], in injur­iesB/insultsS, in necessities, in persecutions, in tribulations for Christ: for if I should be weak, then I {take cour­ageB/am wont to be powerfulS}.



1ὑψώθη, a somewhat less-intensive synonym to ὑπεραίρωμαι in 2 Cor. 12:7.

2ὕψους, a noun form of the above synonym.

3The NIV follows the 4th century Latin Vulgate and Vaticanus which omitted the repetition for reasons unknown, but the repetition is in all the other ancient versions and in all but five of the Greek manuscripts. (Notably, the 4th century Sinaiticus and 3rd century Papyrus 46 contain the repetition.)

4Cf. Gal. 4:15 Could this have been connected with the blindness with which he was struck at his conversion?

5ἀσθενείαν τῆς σαρκὸς, compare with ἀσθενείᾳ in 2 Cor. 12:9 and σαρκι in 2 Cor. 12:7.

6“Even up to this very hour we continue to be hungry and thirsty, and we are poorly-dressed and beaten up…” (NAW)

7Lightheart & Vincent

8Tertullian & Robertson

9Allo, Sir William Ramsay (malaria), W. M. Alexander (Malta fever).

10Luther, Cornelius à Lapide, M. Henry

11Chrysostom, Augustine, Theodore of Mopsuestia, Theodoret, Photius, Theophylact, Tasker

12“...whatever be the infirmity under which we labor, let us bear in mind, that we are, as it were, buffeted by the Lord, with the view of making us ashamed, that we may learn humility. Let this be carefully reflected upon by those, especially, who are otherwise distinguished by illustrious virtues...” ~J. Calvin

13προσκαλεσάσθω, a closely-related word to παρεκάλεσα in 2 Cor. 12:8.

14ἰσχυρότερον, a synonym to δυνατός in 2 Cor. 12:10.

15κρατῶν, a verb with synonymous meaning to the words δύναμις/δύνατος in 2 Cor. 12:9/10.

16ἰσχὺν, a synonym to δύναμις/δύνατος in 2 Cor. 12:9/10. (The rest of this verse in Isaiah is garbled in the LXX.)

17κατισχῦσαι, a verb with a close root meaning to δύνατος in 2 Cor. 12:10.

18“Nothing, of course, could be more incongruous than to saddle this great preacher of salvation by grace alone through faith alone (cf. Eph. 2:8) with the errors of a later ascetic theology which encouraged men to think that by means of self-inflicted bodily sufferings and indignities they could accumulate forgiveness of post-baptismal sins and justifying merit before God.” ~P. E. Hughes

AWhen a translation adds words not in the Greek text, but does not indicate it has done so by the use of italics or greyed-out text, I put the added words in [square brackets]. When one version chooses a wording which is different from all the other translations, I underline it. When a version chooses a translation which, in my opinion, either departs too far from the root meaning of the Greek word or departs too far from the grammar form of the original text, I use strikeout. And when a version omits a word which is in the original text, I insert an X. I also place an X at the end of a word if the original word is plural but the English translation is singular. I occasionally use colors to help the reader see correlations between the various editions and versions when there are more than two different translations of a given word. NAW is my translation. My original chart includes annotated copies of the NKJV, NASB, NIV, and ESV, but I erase them from the online edition so as not to infringe on their copyrights.

BThis Greek New Testament is the 1904 "Patriarchal" edition of the Greek Orthodox Church. As published by E-Sword in 2016. The Robinson-Pierpont Byzantine majority text of the GNT and the Textus Receptus are very similar. The Westcott-Hort, Nestle-Aland, UBS, and Tregelles editions, however, are a slightly-different family of GNTs developed in the modern era, focusing on the few manuscripts which are older than the Byzantine manuscripts. Even so, the practical differences in the text between these two editing philosophies are minimal.

C1769 King James Version of the Holy Bible; public domain. As published by E-Sword in 2019.

DRheims New Testament first published by the English College at Rheims, A.D. 1582, Revised and Diligently Compared with the Latin Vulgate by Bishop Richard Challoner, Published in 1582, 1609, 1752. As published on E-Sword in 2016.

EJames Murdock, A Literal Translation from the Syriac Peshito Version, 1851, Robert Carter & Brothers, New York. Scanned and transcribed by Gary Cernava and published electronically by Janet Magierra at http://www.lightofword.org, and published on E-Sword in 2023.

FThis is my conflation of the English translations of the Northern Bohairic and Southern Sahidic traditions published by Oxford Clarendon Press in 1905 and 1920 respectively, neither of which named the translator or editor. The beginnings and ends of multiple-word variants are marked out with brackets, with a superscript “S” for Sahidic or “B” for Bohairic.

GThis is the reading of the majority of Greek manuscripts (including the oldest-known from the 3rd century), and therefore is the reading of the Textus Receptus, Greek Orthodox, and Tischendorf editions of the GNT. However, there are 9 Greek manuscripts (the oldest of which are from the 4th-5th centuries) that insert the word διο here, reflected in the RV & ASV “by reason of,” NASB “for this reason,” NET “Therefore,” and NLT “So.” The Nestle-Aland, UBS, and Tregelles GNT editions include this extra word. The NIV and ESV followed the Peshitta, Vulgate, Sahidic, Geneva & KJV without the extra word. It makes no real difference in meaning whether or not the extra word is present.

HThis word also appears in the LXX account of Hezekiah’s “exaltation” through victory and humbling through sickness in 2 Chron. 32:23.

IOf the four other times this word appears in the Greek Bible, two (Num. 33:55 & Ezek. 28:24) have to do with the curse of the Mosaic covenant about any Canaanites not driven out of the Promised Land becoming “thorns in the eyes and pricks in the sides (πλευραῖς)” of God’s people (the other two being Hos. 2:8 and the apocryphal Sirach 43:19). Calvin thought it was a “rod” or “ox-goad.” Vincent argued that since the Greek Bible usually preferred to translate “thorn” with a different Greek word (acanthus), and since classical Greek equated this word skolops with crucifixion, we should interpret it more like a cross to kill the flesh than a splinter to irritate it. Hughes generally agreed, but argued that “the Apostle has in mind the picture of impalement or transfixion rather than crucifixion.” He goes on to ask, “Was the stake for the flesh one and the same with the affliction which overtook him in Asia, weighing him down exceedingly, beyond his power, so that he despaired even of life (1:8)? And does he refer to the same thing when he tells the Thessalonians that, having wished to visit them once and again, it was Satan that hindered him on each occasion (I Thess. 2:18)? These are some of the interesting suggestions which have been proposed and which, although they inevitably fall short of certainty, are deserving of sympathetic consideration.”

JPicking up on a tentative suggestion from Robertson, Hanna argued that this was indeed a “dative of advantage” (“for the flesh”) rather than a locative use of the dative case (“in the flesh”), reasoning that a locative expression would be more likely to have an explicit preposition (which is missing here) and that “when a dative is used with a substantive... it frequently has the notion of advantage or disadvantage…” Hughes agreed. Erasmus, on the other hand, interpreted it instrumentally (“by the flesh”), and Calvin, Henry, & Vincent (and most English versions) locatively (“in the flesh”).

K“messenger/angel” does not have a definite article, but some translators still construed it as as definite (“the angel”), since the modifier “of Satan” is a Proper (definite) noun.

LThis verb only occurs three other places in the Greek Bible: Matt. 26:67 || Mk. 14:65 (where the soldiers “beat” Jesus with the reed); 1 Cor. 4:11 (one of Paul’s hardships); and 1 Pet. 2:20 (referring to a disciplinary caning). The root connotes discipline, such that it could almost work to translate it “spank.”

MThe final repetition of this phrase “in order that I might not be raised above” is in the majority of Greek manuscripts (including the 3rd Century Papyrus 46 and 4th century Vaticanus) and in all known editions of the Greek NT, as well as in the Syriac and Coptic and most English versions. However, the NIV followed the Vulgate and 6 Greek manuscripts (including the 4th century Sinaiticus {although it actually contains the missing phrase in a marginal note} and 5th century Alexandrinus) and probably Westcott & Hort’s critical notes in omitting this phrase. Since the phrase is already stated earlier in the verse, it doesn’t change the meaning to omit the second iteration, but it does remove the emphasis which repetition places on this phrase.

NBlass & Debrunner followed the causative meaning of this preposition (L&N#89.28 “because”), but I side with Hanna and Moule in interpreting it as a referent of content (L&N#90.24 “about/concerning”).

OI question Calvin’s narrowing down of the meaning of this word. (“The term grace, here, does not mean here, as it does elsewhere, the favor of God, but by metonymy, the aid of the Holy Spirit…”)

P“my” is the reading of the majority of Greek manuscripts (the oldest being dated to the 9th century) and is the reading of the Textus Receptus and Greek Orthodox editions and of the Peshitta, Bohairic, and practically every English version except for the NASB (although it is in the Spanish Bible published by the same Lockman foundation!). Seven Greek manuscripts (including all 5 dated before the 9th century – although most have had “my” added in by a later corrector) read without the “my,” so the more-terse reading is in all the contemporary Greek editions and in the Vulgate, Sahidic, and NASB versions.

QThe three oldest-known Greek manuscripts read with the diphthong removed from the middle of this word (τελειται), but this is just a spelling issue and not a variant in meaning, since both spellings are Present Passive Indicative 3rd person Sing­ular forms of the same verb root. All the English versions are in agreement. There are three other ways this verb is spelled in subsequent manuscripts, but from the 9th century on, the manuscripts settled on this spelling with the -ου- as standard.

RHanna cited Robertson’s Grammar with approval that “hedista and mallon are not to be taken together,” but the NIV and ESV stuck them together anyway. Blass & Debrunner and Hughes followed Robertson in noting that “gladly” is “a stereotyped elative superlative - ‘most gladly.’”

SHapex legomenon, but related to κατεσκήνωσεν used throughout the LXX to describe God’s “settling down” in the midst of where His people lived (Num. 35:34; 1 Chr. 23:25; Ezr. 6:12; 7:15; Neh. 1:9; Ps. 5:12; 67:17, 19; Joel 4:17, Zech. 2:14; 8:3; Ezek. 43:7, 9). In the Greek New Testament, the same idea is expressed in the simple form of the root (without the epi- or kata- prefix) in John 1:14 “And the Word became flesh and took up residence [ἐσκήνωσεν] with us,” Rev. 7:15 “...And He who sits on the throne will dwell [σκηνώσει] among them,” and Rev. 21:3 “...Behold, the tabernacle [σκηνὴ] of God is with men, and He will dwell [σκηνώσει] with them, and they shall be His people.” (NKJV) Interestingly, Pringle, Calvin’s 19th century English translator, noted three passages from classical Greek in which this verb meant “enter and dwell/take possession of.”

TTurner’s Grammar noted that the plurals here indicate “cases of...”

UAlthough the only other instances of this word in the Greek New Testament have to do with losses of ship cargo (both in Acts 27), Paul’s meaning here is more in-line with its frequent use throughout the LXX to denote “pride/haughtiness/arrogance.”

V“in” is the reading of all but three known Greek manuscripts (dating back as far as the 5th century) and therefore is the reading of the Textus Receptus, Greek Orthodox, and Tregelles GNT editions, and it is the reading of the ancient Latin, Syriac, and Coptic versions as well as all the English versions, but the three oldest-known Greek manuscripts instead read “and,” so that is the reading of the Nestle-Aland, Tischendorf, and UBS editions of the GNT. It makes no differ­ence in meaning because the noun is in the dative case, which attaches the meaning of “in/with” even if an explicit preposition is not there, and it is obviously a list, so the items on this list are related conjunctively whether or not an explicit conjunction is there.

WRobertson’s Word Pictures note that this is “indefinite – ‘whenever.’”

XAlthough Etheridge, Murdock, and Lamsa all translated this plural into English, it is singular (ܒ݁ܰܪܕ݂ܽܘܦ݂ܝܳܐ) in both the UBS and Khabouris editions of the Peshitta.

YAlthough Etheridge, Murdock, and Lamsa all translated this plural into English, it is singular in the UBS and could be either singular or plural (ܒܚܒܘܫܝܐ) based on pointing in the Khabouris edition of the Peshitta.

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